Monitoring of plasma butyrylcholinesterase activity and hematological parameters in pesticide sprayers

Rastogi, Shivani; Singh, Jyoti; Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair; Kumari, Jyoti; Siddiqui, M.K.J.; Mathur, Neeraj; Bharti, R. S.

doi:10.4103/0019-5278.40813

Cited by 32 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The depletion of AChE reported in the UAE workers occupationally exposed to OP pesticides correlated well with the frequency of usage and length of use [8], [35]–[36]. Decreased activity of BChE due to OP exposure in the present study supports the earlier report [37]. In a similar study [38], inhibition of BChE due to OP exposure was reported but results were non-significant.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Adverse Respiratory Health and Hematological Alterations among Agricultural Workers Occupationally Exposed to Organophosphate Pesticides: A Cross-Sectional Study in North India

et al. 2013

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BackgroundNon-protective work practices followed by farm workers during spraying of pesticides lead to occupational exposure among them.ObjectiveThis study is designed to explore the respiratory health and hematological profile of agricultural workers occupationally exposed to OP pesticides.Materials and MethodsA cross sectional study was undertaken among 166 pesticide sprayers working in mango orchards of Lucknow district in North India compared with 77 controls to assess the respiratory illness, lung functions, cholinesterase levels and hematological profile. A questionnaire based survey and clinical examination for respiratory health were conducted among study subjects. Lung function test was conducted among study subjects by using spirometer. Cholinesterase level as biomarker of OP pesticides and hematological profile of study subjects were investigated in the laboratory by following the standard protocols.ResultsOverall respiratory morbidity observed among exposed subjects was 36.75%. Symptoms for respiratory illness like dry cough, productive cough, wheezing, irritation of throat and blood stained sputum were found to be significantly more (p<0.05) among pesticide sprayers than controls. Lung function parameters viz. PEFR, FEV1, %PEFR predicted, %FEV1 predicted and FEV1/FVC were found to be significantly decreased (p<0.05) among pesticide sprayers as compared to controls. Exposure wise distribution of respiratory illness and lung functions among pesticide sprayers show that the exposure duration significantly elevates (p<0.05) the respiratory problems and significantly decreases (p<0.001) lung functions among pesticide sprayers. Activities of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase were found to be significantly depleted (p<0.001) among pesticide sprayers as compared to controls which show the exposure of OP pesticides among them. The hematological profile viz. RBC, WBC, monocytes, neutrophils, MCV, MCH, MCHC and platelet count were significantly altered (p<0.001) in pesticide sprayers than controls.ConclusionThis study shows that the unsafe occupational exposure of OP pesticides causes respiratory illness, decreased lung functions and hematological alterations among pesticide sprayers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Adverse Respiratory Health and Hematological Alterations among Agricultural Workers Occupationally Exposed to Organophosphate Pesticides: A Cross-Sectional Study in North India

et al. 2013

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“…to be approximately 8 U mL −1 (Rastogi et al, 2008) or 18-67 U mL −1 in another source (Guemei et al, 2001). Interferences were also examined.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activity without dilution of biological samples

Pohanka

2015

Chemical Papers

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Two cholinesterases: acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), are known. The enzymes are important in the body and alteration of their activity has significant use in the diagnosis of poisoning, liver function, etc. Currently available methods for the determination of cholinesterases have some major drawbacks including various interferences and the inability to be used for decreasing the enzyme activity in the presence of reversible inhibitors due to sample dilution; hence, a method for dilution free assay of cholinesterases is desired. Here, microplates were modified with indoxylacetate (100 µL of 10 mmol L −1 solution) and used for cholinesterases assay after drying at 37 • C. The fact that indoxylacetate remains stable in dry state and serves simultaneously as a chromogen and substrate provide good prerequisites for the method. The limit of detection for BChE was 0.71 U while that for AChE was 2.8 U per a 100 µL sample (solution of enzyme or plasma sample). The limit of detection is low enough to allow standard examination of cholinesterasemia. The two cholinesterases can be distinguished from each other using selective inhibitors such as donepezil and iso-OMPA. The new method was also successfully validated for the standard Ellman's assay using plasma samples with BChE activity adjusted by carbofuran. The new method based on indoxylacetate seems promising for routine tests.

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“…A study by Oesterlund et al reported multiple common symptoms of poisoning including skin irritation, headache, extreme tiredness, excessive sweating, blurred vision, and dizziness. 14,18 A study in India by Rastogi et al 19 reported that burning sensation in the eyes/ faces, itching and skin irritation/rash, and dizziness were the most prevalent symptoms among farmers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide Poisoning Among Commercial Vegetable Farmers of Chitwan, Nepal

Gayatri¹,

Amarjeet²,

Govinda³

2016

Primary Prevention Insights

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Pesticide use in Nepal has increased by 10%-20% annually, and the proportion of vegetable growers using pesticides in Nepal has also increased from 7. 1% (1991/1992) to 16.1% (2001/2002), thereby increasing the chances of pesticide poisoning among farmers. A cross-sectional study was conducted in four Village Development Committees of Chitwan to determine the adverse health effects of pesticide among 125 commercial vegetable farmers. It was observed that 71% of them were found to be affected after spraying. Farmers experienced 3 poisoning symptoms out of 12. The most common symptoms experienced were skin irritation (62%) and headache (55%). In spite of poisoning, 82% stayed idle, whereas 18% either took self-medication or sought medical attention. Although a majority of the farmers suffered from pesticide poisoning, most of them did not seek medical assistance. Hence, there is an immediate need for promoting education for the farmers about the identification and treatment of poisoning along with its possible prevention.

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Monitoring of plasma butyrylcholinesterase activity and hematological parameters in pesticide sprayers

Cited by 32 publications

References 14 publications

Adverse Respiratory Health and Hematological Alterations among Agricultural Workers Occupationally Exposed to Organophosphate Pesticides: A Cross-Sectional Study in North India

Adverse Respiratory Health and Hematological Alterations among Agricultural Workers Occupationally Exposed to Organophosphate Pesticides: A Cross-Sectional Study in North India

Determination of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activity without dilution of biological samples

Pesticide Poisoning Among Commercial Vegetable Farmers of Chitwan, Nepal

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