Monitoring of poliovirus neutralizing antibodies in São Paulo State, Brazil

Luchs, Adriana; Cilli, Audrey; Russo, Denise; Costa, Fernanda Faria; Carmona, Rita de Cássia Compagnoli; Timenetsky, María do Carmo Sampaio Tavares

doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2010.05.004

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Therefore, true eradication can only be achieved if population immunity gap is closed, all circulating vaccine‐derived polioviruses are eliminated and immunity to all poliovirus types in all populations is balanced. Consistent with reports from Brazil, no significant difference was observed in P1, P2, and P3 immunity in children aged 0–5 years [Luchs et al, 2010] but worthy of note is the fact that Brazil is presently a Polio‐free country while Nigeria is still endemic with wild poliovirus. Similarly, no correlation between gender and antibody to poliovirus types was observed in agreement with a previous report [Adewumi et al, 2006].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

A survey for neutralizing antibodies to the three types of poliovirus among children in maiduguri, Nigeria

Baba

Haruna

Ogunmola

et al. 2012

Journal of Medical Virology

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The milestone in polio eradication program is to protect effectively children aged 0-5 years against the three serotypes of poliovirus. It became necessary to measure the level of neutralizing antibodies to the three poliovirus types in an endemic State in Nigeria. Neutralizing antibodies to the poliovirus types among children aged 0-5 years was estimated using micro neutralization assay. Of 129 children, 99 (76.8%), 95 (73.6%), and 95 (73.6%) had neutralizing antibodies with the geometric mean titer of 42.7, 31.3, and 33.2 for the poliovirus type 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Fifty-three percent of the children were protected against the three types of poliovirus. Combination of poliovirus types 1 and 2, 1 and 3, and 2 and 3 were neutralized by 62.8, 58.9, and 61.2% of the children studied, respectively. Only poliovirus type 1 induced antibody titres ≥1:1,024. The number of children with neutralizing antibodies after receiving three doses was significantly higher than those who received one or two doses of oral polio vaccine (P ≤ 0.05). However, those who received more than three doses of oral polio vaccine showed no significant difference in their antibody response. The existence of immunity gap poses a risk of re-emergence of the paralytic poliovirus. The existence of unimmunized and unprotected children along with high birth rate could impede the success of polio vaccination in Nigeria. Elimination of non-compliance to polio vaccine, promotion of health education and documented evidence of vaccination of each child with the parents may facilitate the success of polio eradication program in Nigeria.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

A survey for neutralizing antibodies to the three types of poliovirus among children in maiduguri, Nigeria

Baba

Haruna

Ogunmola

et al. 2012

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…The decrease of seroprevalence for P3 was also showed similarly in other serological studies [26]–[36], particularly in teenagers and young adults [29], [34]. It may be explained by a lower potency of P3 antigens in trivalent OPV, with suboptimal levels of protection for P3 following OPV immunization [37].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Sero-Survey of Polio Antibodies during Wild Poliovirus Outbreak in Southern Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China

et al. 2014

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BackgroundAfter being polio free for more than 10 years, an outbreak following importation of wild poliovirus (WPV) was confirmed in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, in 2011.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted prior to supplementary immunization activities (SIAs), immediately after the confirmation of the WPV outbreak. In selected prefectures, participants aged ≤60 years old who visited hospitals at county-level or above to have their blood drawn for reasons not related to the study, were invited to participate in our study. Antibody titers ≥8 were considered positive.ResultsAmong the 2,611 participants enrolled, 2,253 (86.3%), 2,283 (87.4%), and 1,989 (76.2%) were seropositive to P1, P2 and P3 respectively, and 1744 (66.8%) participants were seropositive to all the three serotypes. Lower antibody seropositivities and geometric mean titers were observed in children <1 year of age and in adults aged 15–39 years.ConclusionSerosurveys to estimate population immunity in districts at high risk of polio importation might be useful to gauge underlying population immunity gaps to polio and possibly to guide preparedness and response planning. Consideration should be given to older children and adults during polio risk assessment planning and outbreak response.

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“…Lower seroconversion rates have been observed for P3 following OPV immunization (33). Luchs and colleagues in Brazil demonstrated that seropositivity to P1 and P2 increased with increasing age and peaked in children 6 to 15 years old, while seropositivity to P3 declined with increasing age from 71.1% in children 0 to 5 years old to 51.8% in children older than 15 years (21). This is likely a result of low vaccine immunogenicity of P3 and/or low initial P3 antibody titers that eventually fell below the detection limits as time passed (34).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Antipolio Antibodies among Children <15 Years of Age in Border Provinces in China

Wang

Cui

Ding

et al. 2013

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

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Despite remarkable progression toward polio eradication worldwide, wild poliovirus (WPV) importation has been a great challenge for China, as it shares borders with countries where WPV is endemic. The objective of this study was to estimate poliovirus antibody seroprevalence among children <15 years of age in 3 border provinces (Yunnan Province, Tibet Autonomous Region, and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region) in China. A cross-sectional, hospital-based study was undertaken in 3 border provinces in 2010. Individuals <15 years old who visited hospitals at the prefecture level or above to have their blood drawn for any reason were invited to participate in our study. Neutralizing antibody titers to polio serotypes 1 (P1), P2, and P3 were assayed according to the World Health Organization manual for the virological investigation of polio. Antibody titers of >8 were considered positive. Among the 1,360 subjects enrolled, 1,220 (89.7%), 1,259 (92.6%), and 1,112 (81.8%) were seropositive to P1, P2, and P3, respectively, and 1,051 (77.3%) subjects were seropositive to all three serotypes. The highest seropositive rates were observed in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. By age, 3-to 5-year-old subjects had the highest rate of seropositivity, and seropositivity decreased significantly with increasing age. The risk of WPV importation will continue until WPV transmission has been interrupted worldwide. Consistent with the Global Polio Eradication Initiative's polio endgame strategy, China must maintain its polio-free status by ensuring adequate population immunity against polio. Because immunity wanes with increasing age, a booster dose with bivalent type 1 and 2 oral poliovirus vaccine could be considered for teenagers in China.

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Monitoring of poliovirus neutralizing antibodies in São Paulo State, Brazil

Cited by 11 publications

References 11 publications

A survey for neutralizing antibodies to the three types of poliovirus among children in maiduguri, Nigeria

A survey for neutralizing antibodies to the three types of poliovirus among children in maiduguri, Nigeria

Sero-Survey of Polio Antibodies during Wild Poliovirus Outbreak in Southern Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China

Seroprevalence of Antipolio Antibodies among Children <15 Years of Age in Border Provinces in China

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