Monitoring of volcanic SO&lt;inf&gt;2&lt;/inf&gt; emissions using the GOME-2 satellite instrument

Rix, Meike; Valks, Pieter; Hao, Nan; Erbertseder, Thilo; Geffen, Jos van

doi:10.1109/userest.2008.4740330

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…The brief time (<16 hours) between eruptions and satellite measurement means that SO2 losses due to deposition or chemical conversion are not significant. Furthermore, we correct possible 30% underestimations of SO2 loading due to signal 30 saturation for vertical columns higher than 50-100 DU [Rix et al, 2008]. Combining all of this information, we produce a corrected SO2 column amount image for 2015 Calbuco eruptions (Figure 6(d)).…”

Section: Masses Estimation From Numerical Results and So2 Flux Time-smentioning

confidence: 99%

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Satellite-derived SO2 flux time-series and magmatic processes during the 2015 Calbuco eruptions

Pardini

Burton

Arzilli

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract. Quantifying time-series of sulphur dioxide (SO2) emissions during explosive eruptions provides insight into volcanic processes, assists in volcanic hazard mitigation, and permits quantification of the climatic impact of major eruptions. While volcanic SO2 is routinely detected from space during eruptions, the retrieval of plume injection height and SO2 flux time-series remains challenging. Here we present a new numerical method based on forward-and backwardtrajectory analyses which enable such time-series to be robustly determined. The method is applied to satellite images of 10 volcanic eruption clouds through the integration of the HYSPLIT software with custom-designed Python routines in a fully automated manner. Plume injection height and SO2 flux time-series are computed with a period of ~10 minutes with low computational cost.Using this technique, we investigated the SO2 emissions from two sub-Plinian eruptions of Calbuco, Chile, produced in April 2015. We found a mean injection height above the vent of ~15 km for the two eruptions, with 15 overshooting tops reaching ~20 km. We calculated a total of 300±46 kt of SO2 released almost equally during both events, with 160±30 kt produced by the first event and 140±35 kt by the second. The retrieved SO2 flux time-series show an intense gas release during the first eruption (average flux of 2560 kt day -1 ), while a lower SO2 flux profile was seen for the second (average flux 560 kt day -1 ), suggesting that the first eruption was richer in SO2. This result is exemplified by plotting SO2 flux against retrieved plume height above the vent, revealing distinct trends for the two events. We propose that a pre-20 erupted exsolved volatile phase was present prior to the first event, which could have led to the necessary overpressure to trigger the eruption. The second eruption, instead, was mainly driven by syneruptive degassing. This hypothesis is supported by melt inclusion measurements of sulfur concentrations in plagioclase phenocrysts and groundmass glass of tephra samples through electron microprobe analysis.This work demonstrates that detailed interpretations of sub-surface magmatic processes during eruptions are 25 possible using satellite SO2 data. Quantitative comparisons of high temporal resolution plume height and SO2 flux timeseries offer a powerful tool to examine processes triggering and controlling eruptions. These novel tools open a new frontier in space-based volcanological research, and will be of great value when applied to remote, poorly monitored volcanoes, and to major eruptions that can have regional and global climate implications through, for example, influencing ozone depletion in the stratosphere and light scattering from stratospheric aerosols. 30Solid Earth Discuss., https://doi

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Section: Masses Estimation From Numerical Results and So2 Flux Time-smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To investigate SO2 plumes emitted during the Calbuco eruptions we use satellite data from the GOME-2 sensor [Rix et al, 2008]. GOME-2 is an ultraviolet spectrometer ( vertical column estimation; however, it cannot be easily a-priori assessed from space.…”

Section: Application Of the Numerical Technique To Calbuco Eruptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite-derived SO2 flux time-series and magmatic processes during the 2015 Calbuco eruptions

Pardini

Burton

Arzilli

et al. 2017

Preprint

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“…GOME-2 has been useful in recording both explosive eruptions, such as Kasatochi, August 2008 and passively degassing volcanoes, such as Rabaul, Papua New Guinea (Rix et al 2008). Loyola et al 2008 show that GOME-2 imaged the SO 2 cloud from El Reventador in March and May 2007, where the plume extent was too small to have been captured within the much larger GOME-1 footprint and Theys et al (2009) demonstrate the capability of GOME-2 to measure volcanic BrO.…”

Section: Gomementioning

confidence: 99%

Observations of volcanic emissions from space: current and future perspectives

Thomas

Watson

2009

Nat Hazards

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Volcanoes worldwide pose a major threat to humans at both local and global scales. The effective monitoring of volcanoes is essential to manage and reduce risk associated with the threat that they pose. The measurement of volcanic cloud composition can provide important clues to the underlying volcanic processes and can be indicative of impending eruption. Hazards posed by plumes to humans and animals are significant, as well as the potential climatic impacts and the threat to aircraft by the ingestion of volcanic ash all justify careful monitoring. Recent advances in instrument technology have allowed for high resolution monitoring of volcanic clouds from satellite-based instruments. There exists a suite of instruments with varying spatial, spectral and temporal resolutions, which when used in conjunction can provide detailed information about cloud properties. Such instruments have the capability to quantify sulphur dioxide, ash and aerosol content as well as the spatial and vertical distribution of species. Here we present an overview of the range of instruments useful for such monitoring, outline their functionality and describe the potential of future missions.

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“…Approaches for retrieval of SO 2 from satellite instruments have been developed and applied to detection of volcanic SO 2 for aviation Krotkov et al, 2006;Rix et al, 2010;Lee et al, 2008;Corradini et al, 2009;Realmuto et al, 1994). Among the ultraviolet (UV) inversion algorithms of SO 2 , differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) (Platt, 1994;Platt and Stutz, 2008), linear fit algorithm (LF) and band residual difference algorithm (BRD) (Krotkov et al, 2006) are sensitive to high volcanic SO 2 in the upper troposphere or the low stratosphere Rix et al, 2010;Lee et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the ultraviolet (UV) inversion algorithms of SO 2 , differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) (Platt, 1994;Platt and Stutz, 2008), linear fit algorithm (LF) and band residual difference algorithm (BRD) (Krotkov et al, 2006) are sensitive to high volcanic SO 2 in the upper troposphere or the low stratosphere Rix et al, 2010;Lee et al, 2008). For OMI measurements, operational SO 2 Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) data have been processed with the BRD algorithm (Krotkov et al, 2006), which takes advantage of the largest differential SO 2 cross sections in the OMI UV2 spectral region (310-380 nm).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrections for OMI SO2 BRD retrievals influenced by row anomalies

et al. 2012

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Abstract. Since June 2007, the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) Earth radiance data at specific viewing angles have been affected by the row anomaly, which causes large biases in sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) columns retrieved using the band residual difference (BRD) algorithm. To improve global measurements of atmospheric SO 2 from OMI, we developed two correction approaches for the row anomaly effects in the northern latitudes and along the full orbit. Firstly the residual correction approach with median residual from a sliding 10 • latitude range, and with that near the Equator was used to remove the anomalous high SO 2 columns in the northern latitudes. Secondly, in the case of the row anomaly along the full orbit, the SO 2 biases caused by the anomalous ozone (O 3 ) column and underestimated Lambertian effective reflectivity (LER) were reduced, respectively, by using unaffected adjacent O 3 column and residual correction with median residual from a sliding 10 • latitude range. Comparisons with the OMI SO 2 columns processed with median residual from a sliding 30 • latitude range have illustrated the drastic improvements of our correction approaches under row anomaly conditions. The consistencies among the SO 2 columns inside and outside the row anomaly areas have also demonstrated the effectiveness of our correction approaches under row anomaly conditions. The analyses of the underestimation and the errors caused by the O 3 column and LER were conducted to understand the limitations of our correction approaches. The proposed approaches for the row anomaly effects can extend the valid range of OMI SO 2 Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) data produced using the BRD algorithm.

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Monitoring of volcanic SO<inf>2</inf> emissions using the GOME-2 satellite instrument

Cited by 12 publications

References 5 publications

Satellite-derived SO<sub>2</sub> flux time-series and magmatic processes during the 2015 Calbuco eruptions

Satellite-derived SO<sub>2</sub> flux time-series and magmatic processes during the 2015 Calbuco eruptions

Observations of volcanic emissions from space: current and future perspectives

Corrections for OMI SO<sub>2</sub> BRD retrievals influenced by row anomalies

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Monitoring of volcanic SO<inf>2</inf> emissions using the GOME-2 satellite instrument

Cited by 12 publications

References 5 publications

Satellite-derived SO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; flux time-series and magmatic processes during the 2015 Calbuco eruptions

Satellite-derived SO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; flux time-series and magmatic processes during the 2015 Calbuco eruptions

Observations of volcanic emissions from space: current and future perspectives

Corrections for OMI SO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; BRD retrievals influenced by row anomalies

Contact Info

Product

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Satellite-derived SO<sub>2</sub> flux time-series and magmatic processes during the 2015 Calbuco eruptions

Satellite-derived SO<sub>2</sub> flux time-series and magmatic processes during the 2015 Calbuco eruptions

Corrections for OMI SO<sub>2</sub> BRD retrievals influenced by row anomalies