Monitoring of wound healing by millimetre wave imaging

Essen, H.; Essen, Jan Markus; Nuessler, Dirk; Hommes, Alexander; Krebs, Christian; Fatihi, Nadia; Buzug, Thorsten M.

doi:10.1109/icimw.2010.5612311

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Furthermore, frequent exposure and handling of the wounds for washing during dressing changes could potentially cause damage to the neo-epithelium covering the wound bed and increase the risk of infection. Although millimetre-wave has been suggested and as a contact probe to assist in the diagnosis of skin cancers [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] and there are techniques which utilise infra-red, thermal imagery to assess the wound [9], these require the wound to be exposed. Currently, there are no tools which could assess the state of the healing burn wound without removing the dressings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Feasibility of Assessing Burn Wound Healing Without Removal of Dressings Using Radiometric Millimetre-Wave Sensing

Harmer¹,

Shylo²,

Shah³

et al. 2016

PIER M

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The authors present transmission data, taken at Ka (36 GHz) and W (95 GHz) bands in the millimetre-wave region of the electromagnetic spectrum, for various dressing materials used in the treatment and management of burn wounds. The results show that such materials are highly transparent (typically > 90% transmission) and, in their dry state, will permit the sensing of the surface of the skin through the thick layers (> 2 cm) of different dressings typically applied in medical treatment of burn wounds. Furthermore, the authors present emissivity data, taken at the same frequency bands, for different regions of human skin on the arm and for samples of chicken flesh with and without skin and before and after localised heat treatment. In vivo human skin has a lower emissivity than chicken flesh samples, 0.3-0.5 compared to 0.6-0.7. However, changes in surface emissivity of chicken samples caused by the short-term application of heat are observable through dressing materials, indicating the feasibility of a millimetre-wave imaging to map changes in tissue emissivity for monitoring the state of burn wounds (and possibly other wounds) non-invasively and without necessitating the removal of the wound dressings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Feasibility of Assessing Burn Wound Healing Without Removal of Dressings Using Radiometric Millimetre-Wave Sensing

Harmer¹,

Shylo²,

Shah³

et al. 2016

PIER M

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“…Recently much effort has been put into the development of systems for security applications [1], [2], which has led to high-end solutions capable of fast imaging with good resolution and large dynamic range. However, the existing solutions are often large and expensive, which makes them unattractive for other applications existing in medicine [3], agriculture [4], food production [5], etc. Both size and costs are determined by the used components which are often based on waveguide technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-cost implementation of a millimeter wave imaging system operating in W-band

Feger

Fischer

Stelzer

2013

2013 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest (MTT)

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In this paper a low-cost mm-wave imaging system operating in W-band is presented. Multiple used techniques lead to reduced system costs, increased application versatility and a simplified setup. These goals are achieved by using packaged 77-GHz devices including an antenna-in-package, substituting physical focusing elements with imaging algorithms, and a multiplier-based topology which allows realizing coherent measurement setups on standard FR4 printed circuit boards. Test measurements conducted with the realized prototype demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach.

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“…The relative demerits for this practice are being uncomfortable and painful to the patient (especially for children) [2]. As an alternative to the current medical practice, technologies are emerging to enhance the medical assessment of burn wounds such as terahertz imaging [4][5][6][7], optical coherence tomography [8][9][10][11][12], ultrasound imaging [13][14][15][16], infrared imaging [17][18][19][20], and microwave and millimetre wave (MMW) sensing [2,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. The latter is the subject of the research in this paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microwave and MMW radiations are very sensitive to the variations in water content in biological tissues. Since burn wounds cause significant variations in the water content of the tissue, as an immediate response to burn injury (that produces blood and lymph fluid), the radiation is useful for assessing bandaged wounds [24,35]. In the literature survey, different technologies are suggested for assessing burn wounds such as terahertz imaging [4][5][6][7], optical coherence tomography [8][9][10][11][12], ultrasound imaging [13][14][15][16], and infrared imaging [17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microwave and MMW radiations are both non-ionising radiations that are capable of providing highly localised measurements. Knowledge of this and the transparency of bandages in the MMW region has led Essen et al [24] to scan a phase image of the healing of the scar using in-contact active MMW scanner at 94 GHz. Meanwhile, Gao and Zoughi [25,26] conducted reflectivity measurements on pigskin samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthetic Aperture Radar Imaging for Burn Wounds Diagnostics

Owda

Rezgui

2020

Sensors

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The need for technologies to monitor the wound healing under dressing materials has led us to investigate the feasibility of using microwave and millimetre wave radiations due to their sensitivity to water, non- ionising nature, and transparency to dressing materials and clothing. This paper presents synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images obtained from an active microwave and millimetre wave scanner operating over the band 15–40 GHz. Experimental images obtained from porcine skin samples with the presence of dressing materials and after the application of localised heat treatments reveal that SAR images can be used for diagnosing burns and for potentially monitoring the healing under dressing materials. The experimental images were extracted separately from the amplitude and phase measurements of the input reflection coefficient (S11). The acquired images indicate that skin and burns can be detected and observed through dressing materials as well as features of the skin such as edges, irregularities, bends, burns, and variation in the reflectance of the skin. These unique findings enable a microwave and millimetre-wave scanner to be used for evaluating the wound healing progress under dressing materials without their often-painful removal: a capability that will reduce the cost of healthcare, distress caused by long waiting hours, and the healthcare interventional time.

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Monitoring of wound healing by millimetre wave imaging

Cited by 9 publications

References 2 publications

On the Feasibility of Assessing Burn Wound Healing Without Removal of Dressings Using Radiometric Millimetre-Wave Sensing

On the Feasibility of Assessing Burn Wound Healing Without Removal of Dressings Using Radiometric Millimetre-Wave Sensing

Low-cost implementation of a millimeter wave imaging system operating in W-band

Synthetic Aperture Radar Imaging for Burn Wounds Diagnostics

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