Monitoring, Regulation, and Mitigation of Cyanotoxins in the Environment to Protect Human Health and Wildlife

Agathokleous, Evgenios; Peñuelas, Josep

doi:10.1021/acs.est.2c06618

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Current dose-related guidelines also may be too high. Recent research found daily exposure below WHO's recommended levels to cyanotoxins can cause metabolic and renal impairments [30]. Further, toxicity is relevant to the transmission route.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bloomin’ Ridiculous: Climate Change, Water Contamination and Algal Blooms in a Land Down Under

Crampton,

Ragusa

2023

Hydrology

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Climate and anthropogenic change, particularly agricultural runoff, increase blue-green algae/cyanobacteria blooms. This article researches cyanobacteria alert-level identification, management, and risk communication in Lake Hume, Australia. Two methods, document and content analysis, evidence contamination events and risk communication, reflect water governance and data management limitations. Results found that Lake Hume had amber or red alerts for only one week, December 2021–December 2022. This failed to prevent government tourism promotion of recreational usage, contravening water authority red alert advice. Lake-use restrictions lacked compliance enforcement. Events during amber alerts lacked risk communication to vulnerable populations (children). Lake Hume’s governance by the Murray–Darling Basin Authority restricted risk communication to one authority that reproduced generic advice in minimal outlets/time points. Geophysical signage failed to address diversity needs (language, literacy, age, and disabilities). No risk communication was found for residents with diseases exacerbated by aerosolization. Despite WHO promoting cyanotoxin investigation, Australian research is absent in international literature. Further, Lake Hume cyanobacteria produce potentially carcinogenic microcystein. This coexists with census data revealing cancer rates higher than the national average in a waterside town. The results demonstrate the need to incorporate robust public health risk assessments, communication, and management into water management and advocate international legislation changes based on evidence-based research to reduce blooms and prevent agricultural runoff.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%