Monitoring rhizospheric pH, oxygen, and organic acid dynamics in two short‐time flooded plant species

Schreiber, Christina; Zeng, Bo; Bloßfeld, Stephan; Rascher, Uwe; Kazda, Marian; Schurr, Ulrich; Höltkemeier, Agnes; Kuhn, Arnd J.

doi:10.1002/jpln.201000427

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In waterlogged sediments, planar optode studies of Juncus effusus demonstrated significantly lower pH, by up to 0.5 units, along the root tips, due to oxidative acidification ( Blossfeld and Gansert, 2007 ; Blossfeld et al, 2011 ). In the flood resistant plants Arundinella anomala and Alternanthera philoxeroides , planar optode studies revealed a pH decrease of up to 0.8 units around growing root tips, which corresponded with excretion of small organic acids ( Schreiber et al, 2012 ). Planar optode studies on CO 2 dynamics in rhizospheres have not yet been applied on wetland plants, and only two studies have used planar optodes for rhizosphere CO 2 investigations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-Sediment Interactions in Salt Marshes – An Optode Imaging Study of O2, pH, and CO2 Gradients in the Rhizosphere

et al. 2018

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In many wetland plants, belowground transport of O2 via aerenchyma tissue and subsequent O2 loss across root surfaces generates small oxic root zones at depth in the rhizosphere with important consequences for carbon and nutrient cycling. This study demonstrates how roots of the intertidal salt-marsh plant Spartina anglica affect not only O2, but also pH and CO2 dynamics, resulting in distinct gradients of O2, pH, and CO2 in the rhizosphere. A novel planar optode system (VisiSens TD®, PreSens GmbH) was used for taking high-resolution 2D-images of the O2, pH, and CO2 distribution around roots during alternating light–dark cycles. Belowground sediment oxygenation was detected in the immediate vicinity of the roots, resulting in oxic root zones with a 1.7 mm radius from the root surface. CO2 accumulated around the roots, reaching a concentration up to threefold higher than the background concentration, and generally affected a larger area within a radius of 12.6 mm from the root surface. This contributed to a lowering of pH by 0.6 units around the roots. The O2, pH, and CO2 distribution was recorded on the same individual roots over diurnal light cycles in order to investigate the interlinkage between sediment oxygenation and CO2 and pH patterns. In the rhizosphere, oxic root zones showed higher oxygen concentrations during illumination of the aboveground biomass. In darkness, intraspecific differences were observed, where some plants maintained oxic root zones in darkness, while others did not. However, the temporal variation in sediment oxygenation was not reflected in the temporal variations of pH and CO2 around the roots, which were unaffected by changing light conditions at all times. This demonstrates that plant-mediated sediment oxygenation fueling microbial decomposition and chemical oxidation has limited impact on the dynamics of pH and CO2 in S. anglica rhizospheres, which may in turn be controlled by other processes such as root respiration and root exudation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-Sediment Interactions in Salt Marshes – An Optode Imaging Study of O2, pH, and CO2 Gradients in the Rhizosphere

et al. 2018

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“…Planar optodes offer high spatial (>20 μm) and temporal (1–30 s) resolution comparable to those of microelectrodes, but can resolve dynamics of larger areas of the soil rhizosphere (>20 cm 2 ) as compared to a single-point measurement (Frederiksen and Glud 2006 ; Rudolph et al 2013 ; Jovanovic et al 2015 ). The use of planar optodes has provided new conceptual and quantitative understanding of solute dynamics in such environments and on the importance of microniche structure for the biogeochemical functioning in such environments (Jensen et al 2005 ; Schreiber et al 2012 ; Faget et al 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

O2 dynamics in the rhizosphere of young rice plants (Oryza sativa L.) as studied by planar optodes

et al. 2015

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Background and aimsRadial O2 loss (ROL) strongly affect the O2 availability in the rhizosphere of rice. The ROL create an oxic zone around the roots, protecting the plant from toxic reduced chemical species and regulates the redox chemistry in the soil. This study investigates the spatio-temporal variability in O2 dynamics in the rice rhizosphere.MethodApplying high-resolution planar optode imaging, we investigated the O2 dynamics of plants grown in water saturated soil, as a function of ambient O2 level, irradiance and plant development, for submerged and emerged plants.ResultsO2 leakage was heterogeneously distributed with zones of intense leakage around roots tips and young developing roots. While the majority of roots exhibited high ROL others remained surrounded by anoxic soil. ROL was affected by ambient O2 levels around the plant, as well as irradiance, indicating a direct influence of photosynthetic activity on ROL. At onset of darkness, oxia in the rhizosphere was drastically reduced, but subsequently oxia gradually increased, presumably as root and/or soil respiration declined.ConclusionThe study demonstrates a high spatio-temporal heterogeneity in rhizosphere O2 dynamics and difference in ROL between different parts of the rhizosphere. The work documents that spatio-temporal measurements are important to fully understand and account for the highly variable O2 dynamics and associated biogeochemical processes and pathways in the rice rhizosphere.

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“…They allow a detailed non-invasive quantitative imaging of the dynamics of protons, molecular oxygen and even carbon dioxide in the rhizosphere. Recent findings have described the dynamics of protons or molecular oxygen in the rhizosphere, monitored by means of quantitative imaging systems at medium to high spatial and temporal resolution (Blossfeld and Gansert, 2007;Blossfeld et al, 2011;Rudolph et al, 2012;Schreiber et al, 2012). These are among the few reports on spatial and temporal patterns of rhizosphere development at the relevant scales for understanding root-mediated processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative imaging of rhizosphere pH and CO2 dynamics with planar optodes

Bloßfeld¹,

Schreiber²,

Liebsch³

et al. 2013

Annals of Botany

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Monitoring rhizospheric pH, oxygen, and organic acid dynamics in two short‐time flooded plant species

Cited by 16 publications

References 25 publications

Plant-Sediment Interactions in Salt Marshes – An Optode Imaging Study of O2, pH, and CO2 Gradients in the Rhizosphere

Plant-Sediment Interactions in Salt Marshes – An Optode Imaging Study of O2, pH, and CO2 Gradients in the Rhizosphere

O2 dynamics in the rhizosphere of young rice plants (Oryza sativa L.) as studied by planar optodes

Quantitative imaging of rhizosphere pH and CO2 dynamics with planar optodes

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