Monitoring the Change of Physical Properties of Traditional Dancheong Pigments

Kim, Ji Sun; Jeong, Hye Young; Byun, D. S.; Yoo, Min Jae; Kim, Myoung Nam; Lee, Sun Myung

doi:10.12654/jcs.2020.36.6.11

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…According to Lee [4], analytical research of pigments in Korea began after John Winter's study on the component analysis of ancient Korean pigments [5]. Throughout the 1990s and 2000s [6], researchers actively conducted analytical research of pigments applied to murals, portraits, and decorative paintings, and research on the reproduction and restoration of traditional pigments have found whiting, noerok, hematite, copper pigments, and ink to be the main ingredients [7,8]. Innovation in this eld continues and recent efforts have been made to solve existing analytical techniques limitations or to apply new ones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Characteristics Pigment And Paper Excavated At The Site of Hoeamsa Temple (12th-Century), Korea

Mun

Lee³

et al. 2021

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One paper fragment and three pigments were excavated from earthenware found in the Hoeamsa Temple site (Historic Site No. 128), which is presumed to have been constructed in the 12th century. This study identifies the types and characteristics of the paper and pigments through methods such as fiber identification, pigment component analysis, and crystal structure analysis. Using the Graff 'C' staining method, the paper fragment is identified as paper-mulberry bast fiber (B. kazinoki Siebold), and according to radiocarbon dating results, the paper is believed to be from the Joseon Dynasty, between 1460 and 1640, which is when the Hoeamsa temple was believed to have been rebuilt. The green pigment consists of cerussite, malachite, and ataccamite, while quartz, muscovite, and illite were detected in the white pigment, and quartz, hematite, illite, and kaolinite were detected in the red pigment. The L* value ranged from 41.59 to 79.05. The white pigment showed the highest brightness value at 79.05, while the green pigment was measured at 58.20 and the red pigment at 41.59. The a* value ranged from -2.25 to 22.75: the a* value of the red pigment was the highest at 22.75, the green pigment was the lowest at -2.25. The b* value ranged from 7.44 to 26.26: the b*value of the red pigment was the highest at 26.26 and the white pigment was the lowest at 7.44.These scientific data identified the raw materials of paper used during the Joseon Dynasty. In addition, the data can be used for repair and restoration of ancient dancheong (traditional Korean decorative coloring on wooden buildings and artifacts) by analyzing the composition of pigments and identifying the characteristics of crystal structure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Characteristics Pigment And Paper Excavated At The Site of Hoeamsa Temple (12th-Century), Korea

Mun

Lee³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…전통 단청에서는 주로 궁궐이나 중요 건축물에 선택 적으로 적용되었으며, 17세기 이후부터 현재까지 꾸준히 사 용되었다 (Song, 2018). 그러나 이러한 자황은 주변 환경과 화 학적으로 반응하여 단기간 내에 변색되는 특성을 지녔다 (Park and Jeong, 2019;Kim et al,. 2020) Lead white(L)+ Oyster shell white(S1)…”

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A Study on the Alternative Method according to the Mixing of Traditional Material Dancheong Pigment: Focusing on Orpiment and Lead White

Ryu¹,

Kim²,

Han³

2022

J. Conserv. Sci

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Among the traditional dancheong pigments, orpiment and lead white have problems such as toxic properties, unstable supply and demand, and low color stability. Therefore, alternative methods are needed. This study attempted to solve these problems by reducing the amount of orpiment and lead white by mixing other pigments. The specimens were prepared by mixing orpiment with two types of yellow ochre and one each of oyster shell white and white clay. Lead white was mixed with three types of oyster shell white and white clay. Surface changes, chromaticity, and peeling characteristics were observed. When orpiment was mixed with white pigments, the mixture showed a relatively similar to the orpiment color, compared to when mixed with yellow ochre. When orpiment inside the film was discolored, however, the yellow index was reduced by 20 at most, showing a high color difference value. When orpiment was mixed with yellow ochre (5:5), the mixture was observed to have relatively high chromatic stability and durability, compared to when orpiment was solely used. Until the lowest mixing ratio (2:8), showing a similar color to the lead white. Particularly, the more similar the brightness value of white pigments used was to that of lead white, the closer the mixtures became to the chromatic range of lead white. But they showed different aspects of discoloration and peeling, depending on the mixing ratio of media.

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A case study on Hoeamsa Temple, Korea: technical examination and identification of pigments and paper unearthed from the temple site

Mun

Lee

et al. 2022

Herit Sci

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This study applied various scientific analyses to one fragment of paper and three pigments excavated from earthenware found in the Hoeamsa Temple site at Yangju, Korea, which is believed to have been built in the early twelfth century. Radiocarbon dating of the paper fragment suggests a manufacture date between 1460 and 1646 (at a 95% confidence interval). It was estimated to have been used during the early and middle period of the Joseon dynasty (1391–1776), when the Hoeamsa Temple site was rebuilt. In addition, by staining the fiber of the paper fragment with Graff “C” stain, the paper’s raw material was identified as paper mulberry through dislocation, cross-marking, and transparent membrane, which are characteristics of the bast fiber. Efforts were made to identify their material properties and manufacturing techniques of the three types of pigments. Color difference analysis was performed by distributing the pigments in large areas to reveal characteristic differences according to the color difference of the pigment. We found that green-type pigments are malachite and atacamite, red-type pigments are hematite based on the element Fe, and white-type pigments are quartz and muscovite based on the elements Si and Al. In addition, as the size distribution of the three types of pigments is wide and has a multi-peak distribution curve, it was concluded that the pigments were used without purification.

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Monitoring the Change of Physical Properties of Traditional Dancheong Pigments

Cited by 5 publications

References 11 publications

Analysis of Characteristics Pigment And Paper Excavated At The Site of Hoeamsa Temple (12th-Century), Korea

Analysis of Characteristics Pigment And Paper Excavated At The Site of Hoeamsa Temple (12th-Century), Korea

A Study on the Alternative Method according to the Mixing of Traditional Material Dancheong Pigment: Focusing on Orpiment and Lead White

A case study on Hoeamsa Temple, Korea: technical examination and identification of pigments and paper unearthed from the temple site

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