Monitoring the Environmental Aging of Nanomaterials: An Opportunity for Mesocosm Testing?

Armand, Michel; Rose, Jérôme

doi:10.3390/ma12152447

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Recent studies have stressed the need for life-cycle-oriented approaches considering realistic exposure scenarios and the actual state of ENMs entering the environment ,, and their further aging in natural matrices. , Aquatic mesocosms represent an invaluable tool for life-cycle-oriented studies, as they implicitly account for the biophysico-chemical aging of these NEPs and aged ENMs and can highlight differences in environmental fate and impacts over long periods. For instance, an estuarine mesocosm experiment focusing on consumer products containing Ag-ENMs found a gradual release of up to 99% of Ag ions over 60 days .…”

Section: Environmental Perspectives and Current Knowledge Gapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, such approaches are often not representative of true environmental complexity and may not reproduce mechanisms driving ENM behavior and effects in the ecosystem. In recent years, efforts have been made on the development and use of alternative testing strategies (ATS) that enable the study of ENM environmental risk in more realistic frameworks, for example, by including the aging of ENMs in natural matrices as well as their interactions with natural components during trophic or transgenerational transfers. − Among the ATS, mesocosms are considered invaluable tools, allowing for a more comprehensive simulation of key ecological processes compared to other single standardized tests or standard operational procedures (SOPs). ,− …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aquatic Mesocosm Strategies for the Environmental Fate and Risk Assessment of Engineered Nanomaterials

Carboni

Slomberg

Nassar

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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In the past decade, mesocosms have emerged as a useful tool for the environmental study of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) as they can mimic the relevant exposure scenario of contamination. Herein, we analyzed the scientific outcomes of aquatic mesocosm experiments, with regard to their designs, the ENMs tested, and the end points investigated. Several mesocosm designs were consistently applied in the past decade to virtually mimic various contamination scenarios with regard to ecosystem setting as well as ENMs class, dose, and dosing. Statistical analyses were carried out with the literature data to identify the main parameters driving ENM distribution in the mesocosms and the potential risk posed to benthic and planktonic communities as well as global ecosystem responses. These analyses showed that at the end of the exposure, mesocosm size (water volume), experiment duration, and location indoor/outdoor had major roles in defining the ENMs/metal partitioning. Moreover, a higher exposure of the benthic communities is often observed but did not necessarily translate to a higher risk due to the lower hazard posed by transformed ENMs in the sediments (e.g., aggregated, sulfidized). However, planktonic organisms were generally exposed to lower concentrations of potentially more reactive and toxic ENM species. Hence, mesocosms can be complementary tools to existing standard operational procedures for regulatory purposes and environmental fate and risk assessment of ENMs. To date, the research was markedly unbalanced toward the investigation of metal-based ENMs compared to metalloid- and carbon-based ENMs but also nanoenabled products. Future studies are expected to fill this gap, with special regard to high production volume and potentially hazardous ENMs. Finally, to take full advantage of mesocosms, future studies must be carefully planned to incorporate interdisciplinary approaches and ensure that the large data sets produced are fully exploited.

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Section: Environmental Perspectives and Current Knowledge Gapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquatic Mesocosm Strategies for the Environmental Fate and Risk Assessment of Engineered Nanomaterials

Carboni

Slomberg

Nassar

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…With an over-combustion in a single-cylinder engine with mechanical fuel injection [13] or in an oven at a temperature close to that of diesel engines [4], the physico-chemical properties of CeO 2 NMs evolve compared to those initially incorporated in the diesel additive: the size of the CeO 2 crystallites significantly increased (i.e., the decrease in specific surface area from 113 ± 17 to 63 ± 35 m 2 •g −1 ) without detectable Ce(III) in the structure, and no organic compounds remained at the surface. This transformation upon combustion highlights that at each stage of the nano-enabled product life cycle (formulation, usage/combustion, and end of life), the mechanisms and kinetics of interactions between the released CeO 2 NMs and the aqueous media (e.g., water, soil, biological media) and exposed organisms will differ [5,73]. Hence, the life cycle stages of nano-enabled products when studying their toxicity is critical [62,74].…”

Section: Lifecycle Stage-dependent (Geno)toxicity Of Ceo 2 Nmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reason is the presence of non-nano-specific regulations, which put worker protection at the forefront with efficient individual protection equipment [4]. Consequently, major knowledge gaps remain in the risk assessment of NMs, especially in the post-production stages of their life cycle [5], e.g., people/consumers are directly or indirectly exposed during use or during waste treatment. Among all, CeO 2 NMs have been increasingly used in Europe and elsewhere as fuel-borne catalysts in diesel engines [6,7] as the Envirox TM from Energenics Europe Ltd.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CeO2 Nanomaterials from Diesel Engine Exhaust Induce DNA Damage and Oxidative Stress in Human and Rat Sperm In Vitro

et al. 2020

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Cerium dioxide nanomaterials (CeO2 NMs) are widely used in nano-based diesel additives to decrease the emission of toxic compounds, but they have been shown to increase the emission of ultrafine particles as well as the amount of released Ce. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development included CeO2 NMs in the priority list of nanomaterials that require urgent evaluation, and the potential hazard of aged CeO2 NM exposure remains unexplored. Herein, human and rat sperm cells were exposed in vitro to a CeO2 NM-based diesel additive (called EnviroxTM), burned at 850 °C to mimic its release after combustion in a diesel engine. We demonstrated significant DNA damage after in vitro exposure to the lowest tested concentration (1 µg·L−1) using the alkaline comet assay (ACA). We also showed a significant increase in oxidative stress in human sperm after in vitro exposure to 1 µg·L−1 aged CeO2 NMs evaluated by the H2DCF-DA probe. Electron microscopy showed no internalization of aged CeO2 NMs in human sperm but an affinity for the head plasma membrane. The results obtained in this study provide some insight on the complex cellular mechanisms by which aged CeO2 NMs could exert in vitro biological effects on human spermatozoa and generate ROS.

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“…Among all available designs, indoor aquatic mesocosm facilities have been successfully used in these past few years to investigate the risks of ENMs. This versatile tool can accommodate several exposure scenarios to ENMs, that is, various ecosystems (such as lotic, lentic, estuarine, or lagoon environments), at ENMs concentrations close to the predicted environmental concentrations (Auffan et al, 2019), and with ENMs at different stages of the nanoproduct life cycle (production, use, and end of life) (Masion et al, 2019). Schwirn et al (2020) recently pointed out that "although knowledge on the peculiarities of testing and assessing fate and effects of ENMs in the environment strongly increased in the last years, uncertainties about how to perform a reliable and robust environmental risk assessment for ENMs still remain" (Schwirn et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robustness of Indoor Aquatic Mesocosm Experimentations and Data Reusability to Assess the Environmental Risks of Nanomaterials

Nassar

Santaella

Armand

et al. 2021

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Indoor aquatic mesocosms are increasingly used in nanosafety to assess the behavior, fate, and impacts of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in aquatic environments using relevant exposure scenarios. The robustness of 60 L freshwater mesocosm experimentation was tested on the basis of the reusability of the data collected in a database named MESOCOSM regarding mesocosm experiments examining the environmental risks of CeO2 ENMs. We observed high reliability of the measured variables across replicates. The sensitivity of this mesocosm methodology was evidenced by the contrasted ecosystem responses revealed by a multivariate analysis. We also observed that adding variables to the data set up to 15% did not affect the outcome of the analysis of the results. This ability to buffer this variability demonstrates that the indoor aquatic mesocosms are robust tools contributing to the environmental risk assessment of ENMs, and stresses the benefit of reusing the data stored in databases such as MESOCOSM adhering to the findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable (FAIR) data principles.

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Monitoring the Environmental Aging of Nanomaterials: An Opportunity for Mesocosm Testing?

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Aquatic Mesocosm Strategies for the Environmental Fate and Risk Assessment of Engineered Nanomaterials

Aquatic Mesocosm Strategies for the Environmental Fate and Risk Assessment of Engineered Nanomaterials

CeO2 Nanomaterials from Diesel Engine Exhaust Induce DNA Damage and Oxidative Stress in Human and Rat Sperm In Vitro

Robustness of Indoor Aquatic Mesocosm Experimentations and Data Reusability to Assess the Environmental Risks of Nanomaterials

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