Monitoring the Etching Process in LPFGs towards Development of Highly Sensitive Sensors

Villar, Ignacio Del; Cruz, J. L.; Socorro, Abian B.; Díaz, Silvia; Corres, Jesús M.; Arregui, Francisco J.; Matı́as, Ignacio R.

doi:10.3390/proceedings1040331

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…As a result of this asymmetry, coupling to the cladding modes is reduced in the experiments. This effect of reduction in the quality of the attenuation bands has also been observed in LPFGs operating in the telecommunications band [ 15 ]. A model for LPFGs with non-round cross sections could be developed to improve the similarity between experimental and theoretical results, but is beyond the scope of this work.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Sensitivity Enhancement in Low Cutoff Wavelength Long-Period Fiber Gratings by Cladding Diameter Reduction

Villar

Partridge

Rodríguez

et al. 2017

Sensors

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The diameter of long-period fiber gratings (LPFGs) fabricated in optical fibers with a low cutoff wavelength was be reduced by hydrofluoric acid etching, enhancing the sensitivity to refractive index by more than a factor of 3, to 2611 nm/refractive index unit in the range from 1.333 to 1.4278. The grating period selected for the LPFGs allowed access to the dispersion turning point at wavelengths close to the visible range of the optical spectrum, where optical equipment is less expensive. As an example of an application, a pH sensor based on the deposition of a polymeric coating was analyzed in two situations: with an LPFG without diameter reduction and with an LPFG with diameter reduction. Again, a sensitivity increase of a factor of near 3 was obtained, demonstrating the ability of this method to enhance the sensitivity of thin-film-coated LPFG chemical sensors.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Sensitivity Enhancement in Low Cutoff Wavelength Long-Period Fiber Gratings by Cladding Diameter Reduction

Villar

Partridge

Rodríguez

et al. 2017

Sensors

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“…Based on the measured reflection coefficient from the sensor tips, the refractive indices of the prepared solutions were calculated using Eq. 2and (3). Table III and IV show R end values measured at different wavelengths (at 1550 nm and 1625 nm), together with the calculated refractive indices using these R end and n 1 values.…”

Section: Analysis Of Experimental Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Being a very critical parameter in all of these areas, there is an increasing interest, in recent years, in determining the exact value of the refractive index of the materials. Several research groups have published different types of fiber-based refractive index sensors which include fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) structures, long period gratings (LPGs) structures, interferometers, photonic crystal fibers (PCF) and sensors using Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) effects [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation of Refractive Index Measurement of Common Solvents and Aqueous Solutions in the Infrared Wavelengths

İde

Yüksel

2018

Balkan Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering

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We proposed and experimentally demonstrated a fast and simple technique to measure refractive index of liquids. A commercial Optical Time-Domain Reflectometer (OTDR) was implemented for interrogating sensor tips from a remote location. The system uses Fresnel reflected light from standard single mode fiber tips as sensing points without requiring any chemical coating, delicate fiber components, and/or sophisticated architecture at the sensor head. We reported new measurements of refractive indices of common solvents and solutions at both 1550 nm and 1625 nm. The precision of the proposed measurement system was found to be in the order of 10-4. The experimental results have been validated by the way of theoretical calculations.

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Elizabethan Parliamentary Oratory

Mack¹

2001

Huntington Library Quarterly

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--------------------P E T E R MACK P arliament was the highest public arena of debate in Elizabethan England. In Parliament gentlemen from the shires could hear the greatest officials of state explain their policies and legislative projects, sometimes in the face of critical arguments and counterproposals. Persuasion, explanation, and argument are the province of rhetoric, the main component of Tudor grammar school education. Parliamentary oratory thus enables us to examine the impact of humanist rhetorical training in practice. At the same time, rhetorical theory can help us understand the effect of individual speeches as well as the broader import of parliamentary discourse.Much of the Tudor grammar school curriculum was given over to studies and composition exercises connected with rhetoric. Boys learned to write commonplaces, themes, and theses. They were trained to analyze the rhetorical impact of texts, to collect pithy sayings for reuse in their own compositions, to amplify and abbreviate, to recognize and use tropes and figures of speech, and to adjust the subject matter and tone of letters to suit their correspondents. (London, 1612). These matters are discussed in more detail in my forthcoming book, Elizabethan Rhetoric (Cambridge, 2002 Many of the formal features of parliamentary speeches can be connected with rhetorical training. Long speeches draw on rhetorical doctrines (for example, about the organization of a speech and the contents of an introduction) as well as dialectical principles. Short deb~ting speeches, on the other hand, take their form entirely from dialectic and closely resemble interventions in university disputations. While the restrained style predominates in both kinds of speech, all the speakers employ amplification-adding detail or impressive language for emphasis-to mark important passages and to drive home arguments. Some speakers, especially later in the reign, cultivate a more elevated style throughout. Historical examples play a crucial role in longer speeches, with government speakers developing the contrast between Elizabeth's government and her inheritance from Mary, while other orators cite biblical and classical histories. Proverbs and moral sentences are very prominent in all types of speeches. Many arguments are also elaborated with commonplaces and lively descriptions. Several speakers use rhetorical principles to elaborate an individual ethos, or a persona, as a means of persuasion.A rhetorical approach may also enable us to rethink some questions about the political function of the Elizabethan Parliament and in particular about the significance of opposition to the Privy Council line. Since the 198os, revisionist historians have questioned the importance of Parliament, arguing that the House of Commons was essentially powerless because the queen could always reject legislation of which she disapproved. Sir Geoffrey Elton took the view that most parliamentary speech was "empty words," devoid of impact on policy or legislation. Where Sir John Neale had overemphasize...

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Monitoring the Etching Process in LPFGs towards Development of Highly Sensitive Sensors

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Sensitivity Enhancement in Low Cutoff Wavelength Long-Period Fiber Gratings by Cladding Diameter Reduction

Sensitivity Enhancement in Low Cutoff Wavelength Long-Period Fiber Gratings by Cladding Diameter Reduction

Experimental Investigation of Refractive Index Measurement of Common Solvents and Aqueous Solutions in the Infrared Wavelengths

Elizabethan Parliamentary Oratory

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