Monkey Abundance and Social Structure in Two High-Elevation Forest Reserves in the Udzungwa Mountains of Tanzania

Marshall, Andrew R.; Topp-Jørgensen, Elmer; Brink, Henry; Fanning, Eibleis

doi:10.1007/s10764-005-0011-z

Cited by 50 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…comm.). The manuscript combines previously published results, showing significant impacts of human disturbance on monkeys and duikers [21,42] with previously unpublished data on monkeys, ungulates, and rodents. The study constitutes an important baseline for monitoring and evaluating the effect of ongoing efforts to implement joint forest management (JFM) involving patrols [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Relative Densities of Mammals in Response to Different Levels of Bushmeat Hunting in the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania

Topp-Jørgensen

Nielsen

Marshall

et al. 2009

Tropical Conservation Science

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Bushmeat hunting constitutes the most immediate threat to wildlife populations in the Udzungwa Mountains of the Eastern Afromontane biodiversity hotspot. This study assesses the impact of hunting by comparing densities of mammalian species between the little hunted West Kilombero Scarp Forest Reserve (WKSFR), the medium-hunted Udzungwa Scarp Forest Reserve (USFR) and the intensively hunted New Dabaga Ulongambi Forest Reserve (NDUFR). Of the 22 species recorded, 20 were present in WKSFR, 17 in USFR and 12 in NDUFR. Most large species (>40 kg.) were absent from hunted areas, while medium-sized species were reduced more than smaller species. Few traces of Abbott's duiker were observed in hunted areas and bush pig was reduced by more than 85% in hunted areas. Hunting appears to have little effect on relative abundance of primates, blue duiker, Harvey's duiker, aardvark, eastern tree hyrax, and giant pouched rat in USFR, at least for those areas surveyed. In NDUFR relative abundance of most mammals are reduced compared to the less hunted reserves. The exception is red colobus which were no less abundant than USFR. However in NDUFR, transects were placed in the best quality habitat for these habitat-sensitive monkeys, thus emphasising the additional role of habitat degradation. The effect of hunting appears to be proportional to the size of the species and the intensity of hunting, although effects of life history strategy, forest fragment size, isolation, and previous logging cannot be excluded. Reduction of hunting levels are paramount to the survival of large bodied species in USFR and for the continued presence of most species in NDUFR. This study furthermore constitutes an important baseline for monitoring the effect of current efforts to implement joint forest management in the Udzungwa Mountains.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Relative Densities of Mammals in Response to Different Levels of Bushmeat Hunting in the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania

Topp-Jørgensen

Nielsen

Marshall

et al. 2009

Tropical Conservation Science

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“…through mark-recapture). Ongoing efforts to explore methods for other mammals could be used as a model [28,29,33].…”

Section: Methods Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the Response of Tree Hyraxes (Dendrohyrax Validus) to Human Disturbance in the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania

Topp-Jørgensen

Marshal

Brink

et al. 2008

Tropical Conservation Science

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Quantifying the effects of human disturbance on rare species is crucial for conservation. The eastern tree hyrax (Dendrohyrax validus), restricted to East Africa, is one of the region's least studied mammals. This study assesses the effect of hunting and logging on density and calling behavior. We evaluate three methods for estimating relative density: circular plot counts of calling individuals, latrine counts, and daytime transect counts. Circular plots show that the density of calling individuals within one forest is positively related to canopy cover. Furthermore we estimate densities of 17.3 calling individuals ha -1 in a little-disturbed forest, 12.1 in a lightly disturbed forest, and zero in an intensely hunted and formerly logged forest. Other methods support this trend, thus confirming that D. validus is dependent on intact forest. Estimation of hyrax density (and relative density) is however highly problematic and the magnitude of the trend varied between methods. Despite methodological problems, the results clearly highlight the discordance between Forest Reserve legislation and management, a conservation concern throughout the tropics.

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“…It follows that these reductions could result in corre sponding reductions in the presence and abundance of large bodied frugivores, such as primates. Indeed a reduction in numbers of primates at higher elevations has been re ported in several previous studies (Caldecott 1980, Marshall et al 2005, including spider monkeys (Durham 1975) and is commonly attributed to the increased energetic costs of finding sufficient food as a result of lower densities and reduced quality of resources (Wrangham et al 1993, Marshall et al 2005, and in the case of folivores on lower quality, less digestible food as a result of en vironmental conditions at high elevation sites (Marshall et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…These belts are found to occur at different altitudes depending on lati tude and local conditions (Nidia & Cuello 2002). As would be expected there are also corresponding changes in faunal assem blages associated with this variation in forest type due to associated changes in primary production levels and the types of food re sources produced (Lawes 1992, Marshall et al 2005, Costa 2006). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…The results also suggest that 1800 m could mark the transition zone between the pre-montane and montane forest belts for this region (Kitayama 1992, Tang & Ohsawa 1997. The reduction in mean DBH of 52% between 1300m and 1800m probably reflects the impact of forest gap generation on the re duced growth rate at increasing altitude which is most probably due to the changes in temperature, solar radiation, humidity and soil pH associated with higher elevations (Marshall et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elevational changes in a neotropical Fig (Ficus spp.) community in North Western Ecuador

Shanee¹,

Peck²

2008

iForest

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Monkey Abundance and Social Structure in Two High-Elevation Forest Reserves in the Udzungwa Mountains of Tanzania

Cited by 50 publications

References 40 publications

Relative Densities of Mammals in Response to Different Levels of Bushmeat Hunting in the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania

Relative Densities of Mammals in Response to Different Levels of Bushmeat Hunting in the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania

Quantifying the Response of Tree Hyraxes (Dendrohyrax Validus) to Human Disturbance in the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania

Elevational changes in a neotropical Fig (Ficus spp.) community in North Western Ecuador

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