Monkeypox in a Traveler Returning from Nigeria — Dallas, Texas, July 2021

Rao, Agam K.; Schulte, Joann; Chen, Tai-Ho; Hughes, Christine M.; Davidson, Whitni; Neff, Justin M.; Markarian, Mary; Delea, Kristin; Wada, Suzanne; Liddell, Allison M.; Alexander, Shane; Sunshine, Brittany; Huang, Philip C. C.; Honza, Heidi Threadgill; Rey, Araceli; Monroe, Benjamin; Doty, Jeffrey B.; Christensen, Bryan; Delaney, Lisa; Massey, Joel; Waltenburg, Michelle A.; Schrodt, Caroline A.; Kuhar, David; Satheshkumar, Panayampalli S.; Kondas, Ashley V.; Liu, Yu; Wilkins, Kimberly; Sage, Kylie M.; Yu, Yon; Yu, Patricia; Feldpausch, Amanda; McQuiston, Jennifer H.; Damon, Inger K.; McCollum, Andrea M.; Aminu-Alhaji, Asma’u; Andersen, Lauren M.; Arduino, Matthew J.; Bestul, Nicolette; Bias, Megan; Choi, Mary J.; Gigante, Crystal M.; Harkey, Madison; Hendricks, Kate; Hercules, Yonette; Husain, Farah; Ipadeola, Oladipupo; Jungerman, Robynne; Khan, Theodora; Kharod, Grishma A.; Kunkel, Amber; MacGurn, Amanda; Matheny, Audrey; McCleod, Timothy; Minhaj, Faisal S.; Mink, Jenna L.; Morgan, Clint N.; Nakazawa, Yoshinori; Newton, Donovan; Ortega, Eddy; Priyamvada, Lalita; Radford, Kay; Rehfus, Joseph E.; Saleh, Muhammad Muhammad; Townsend, Michael; Traxler, Rita M.; Whitehill, Florence; Wu, Xianfu; Zhao, Hui; Carruthers, Michelle; Gomez, Ivory; Groppell, Samantha; Jaramillo, Juan; Serinaldi, Daniel; Serrano, José Luís; Stringer, Joey; Gettings, Jenna R.; Pavlick, Jessica; Retana, José David; Stonecipher, Shelley; Straver, Rachael; Vilcins, Inger-Marie E; Nolen, Leisha D.

doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm7114a1

Cited by 219 publications

(168 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The described first two cases of MPX in Germany follow the pattern of recent MPX cases observed in North America and Europe. Most of them have not been associated with travel to countries where MPX is known to be an endemic zoonosis [ 8 – 10 ]. While in the past, transmission to humans was mainly through infected animals [ 11 ], current cases are predominantly, but not exclusively, transmitted between MSM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and virological features of first human monkeypox cases in Germany

Noe

Zange

Seilmaier³

et al. 2022

Infection

136

181

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Background Monkeypox is a zoonotic orthopoxvirus infection endemic in central and western Africa. In May 2022, human monkeypox infections including human-to-human transmission were reported in a multi-country outbreak in Europe and North America. Case presentations Here we present the first two cases of monkeypox infection in humans diagnosed in Germany. We present clinical and virological findings, including the detection of monkeypox virus DNA in blood and semen. The clinical presentation and medical history of our patients suggest close physical contact during sexual interactions as the route of infection. Conclusion Monkeypox requires rapid diagnosis and prompt public health response. The disease should be considered in the current situation especially the differential diagnosis of vesicular or pustular rash, particularly in patients with frequent sexual contacts. Most importantly, it is essential to raise awareness among all health professionals for the rapid and correct recognition and diagnosis of this disease, which is probably still underreported in Europe (Adler et al. in Lancet Infect Dis https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(22)00228-6, 2022).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and virological features of first human monkeypox cases in Germany

Noe

Zange

Seilmaier³

et al. 2022

Infection

136

181

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This is evidenced by the fact that trade-in rodents have inadvertent exported monkeypox to the USA in 2003 and when six human travelers from Nigeria exported the disease to Israel, Singapore, and the UK in 2018–2019 [ 1 – 4 ]. In July 2021, a man who traveled from Lagos, Nigeria, to Dallas, TX (USA), became the seventh itinerant to a non-African country with diagnosed monkeypox [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monkeypox: considerations for the understanding and containment of the current outbreak in non-endemic countries

2022

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The neglected and rare zoonotic disease caused by monkeypox virus (MPV) has recently spread widely, resulting in the largest known monkeypox outbreak outside of Africa, where it is endemic. MPV belongs to the Poxviridae family, genus Orthopoxvirus . At least two different clades have been identified, each having different fatality rates but recent cases are all phylogenetically related to the West African clade. MPV is transmitted directly by either person-to-person, -animal, or virus-contaminated fomite contact. The disease is often self-limited, and clinical symptoms include fever, skin lesions, and lymphadenopathies. At present, no deaths have been associated with the current outbreak. MPV DNA detection using molecular techniques is recommended for diagnosis. At least two approved drugs for antiviral therapy are available in the USA. Two different vaccines, including the vaccine used in the past for smallpox eradication and a new formulation more recently approved based on a live but non-replicating virus, are available that provide immunity to MPV. These and other clinical and public health considerations pertaining to the recent monkeypox outbreaks together with aspects of MPV biology are discussed in this article.

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“…Monkeypox is a viral zoonotic disease that occurs primarily in the tropical rainforest areas of Central and West Africa and is occasionally exported to other regions. Monkeypox virus belongs to the Orthopoxvirus genus in the family Poxviridae [ 1 ]. The Orthopoxvirus genus also includes variola virus (which causes smallpox), vaccinia virus (used in the smallpox vaccine), and cowpox virus (World Health Organization, https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/monkeypox ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%