Mono- and di-carboxylic acids under long-range transport of air pollution
                        in central Japan

Satsumabayashi, Hikaru; Kurita, Hidemi; Yokouchi, Yoko; Ueda, Hiromasa

doi:10.3402/tellusb.v41i3.15073

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…There is strong evidence that the gaseous precursors of these aerosols can travel long distances and photochemically produce particles at locations very far away from the sources. This has been seen in several studies in Japan [Satsumabayashi et al, 1989; Satsumabayashi and Kurita, 1990], where there is a clear diurnal variation in the concentration of these species. These compounds have even been measured in the Arctic atmosphere at polar sunrise [Kawamura et al, 1995].…”

Section: Sourcessupporting

confidence: 60%

Organic atmospheric aerosols: Review and state of the science

Jacobson¹,

Hansson²,

Noone³

et al. 2000

Reviews of Geophysics

715

568

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Abstract. Atmospheric aerosol particles are known to contain organic carbon material in variable amounts, depending on their location. In some parts of the world, organic compounds make up the majority of the total suspended particle mass. This class of particulate matter is important in a wide range of geophysical and environmental problems, ranging from local issues (e.g., pollution toxicity) to the global scale (e.g., climate change). Unfortunately, the richness of organic chemistry and the highly variable physical properties associated with both natural and anthropogenic organic particles lead to great difficulties in sampling and obtaining complete chemical information on these materials. These obstacles result in an incomplete picture of a potentially significant part of atmospheric chemistry and a correspondingly poor understanding of the geophysical and environmental effects of this aerosol. Given the paucity of quantitative molecular data, the purpose of this paper is not to quantitatively describe the importance of organic aerosols in environmental issues, but rather to present a basis for defining what data are needed. With this goal in mind, we begin with an overview of the major environmental issues known to be affected by organic aerosols, followed by a description of the distribution, sources, and chemical and physical properties of organic aerosols as they are currently understood. Methods used to collect and study organic aerosols are provided, followed by a list of outstanding scientific questions and suggestions for future research priorities. mental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), 1996]. This fraction has been studied extensively, and several models of the geographical distribution and climatic effects of this group of compounds in the aerosol have appeared [IPCC, 1995]. While somewhat less studied, the insoluble inorganic fraction has been analyzed, for example, with nuclear methods, and generally consists of metal oxides, silicates, and clay minerals derived from soil dust. Unlike the salt and soil dust fractions, the organic compounds cover a very wide range of molecular forms, solubilities, reactivities, and physical properties, which makes a complete characterization extremely difficult. The so-called "elemental" carbon (EC) aerosol has been studied extensively, but it is still not clear to what degree it is indeed elemental [graphitic, C(0)] material or high molecular weight refractory organic species or a combination of both. Consequently, there is still no complete inventory of the chemical compounds that compose the fine-particle organic aerosol from any site in the world, and there is only a limited understanding of the sources, sinks, transport, and transformation processes of these particles and their effects. Since organic compounds are usually the second most abundant component of fine aerosol after sulfates [Heintzenberg, 1989; White, 1990; U.S. EPA, 1996], our understanding of the numerous

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Section: Sourcessupporting

confidence: 60%

Organic atmospheric aerosols: Review and state of the science

Jacobson¹,

Hansson²,

Noone³

et al. 2000

Reviews of Geophysics

715

568

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The study by Saxena and Hildemann [1996] shows that the organic fraction of fresh anthropogenic aerosols consists mainly of less oxidized organics (e.g., alkanes) and is rather hydrophobic. They find that aged and secondary particles are more hygroscopic with an enhanced fraction of oxygenated organics, e.g., dicarboxylic acids which can contribute up to 50% of the organic aerosol mass [Satsumbayashi et al, 1989].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A modeling study of aqueous production of dicarboxylic acids: 1. Chemical pathways and speciated organic mass production

Feingold²,

et al. 2004

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While the formation pathways and thermodynamic properties of inorganic species (e.g., sulphate) in atmospheric aerosols are well understood, many more uncertainties exist about organics. In the present study we present oxidation pathways of organic gas phase species that lead to low volatility organic compounds (C2‐C6 dicarboxylic acids, pyruvic acid) in both the aqueous and gas phases. This mechanism is implemented in a cloud parcel model initialized with pure (NH4)2SO4 particles in 10 discrete sizes. Under clean continental conditions a few cloud processing cycles produce a total organic mass addition of ∼150 ng m−3. Individual resuspended aerosol size classes contain significant organic fractions, sometimes higher than 50%. These are likely upper bound estimates of organic mass production. In a polluted, i.e., SO2‐rich scenario, about 400 ng m−3 organic material is produced after about eight cloud cycles. Since the initial conditions in this latter case favor significant production of sulphate, the organic fraction of the aerosol mass after cloud processing represents a much lower percentage of the total aerosol mass. Oxalic, glutaric, adipic, and pyruvic acids are the main contributors to the organic fraction in both cases. In agreement with observations, the oxalate fraction in processed particles exceeds the fractions of other dicarboxylic acids since it represents an end product in the oxidation of several organic gas phase species. The study suggests that cloud processing may act as a significant source of small dicarboxylic acids, some fraction of which can be retained in the aerosol phase upon drop evaporation.

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“…Particularmente, o ácido propiônico tem sido freqüentemente encontrado em atmosfera de regiões urbanas 15,16 . Os ácidos dicarboxílicos, espécies menos voláteis, são encontrados predominantemente na fase particulada.…”

Section: Fase Gasosaunclassified

Origem e implicações dos ácidos carboxílicos na atmosfera

Souza

Carvalho

2001

Quím. Nova

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Mono- and di-carboxylic acids under long-range transport of air pollution in central Japan

Cited by 28 publications

References 16 publications

Organic atmospheric aerosols: Review and state of the science

Organic atmospheric aerosols: Review and state of the science

A modeling study of aqueous production of dicarboxylic acids: 1. Chemical pathways and speciated organic mass production

Origem e implicações dos ácidos carboxílicos na atmosfera

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