Monoamine oxidase activity as a biological marker

Oreland, Lars; Shaskan, Edward G.

doi:10.1016/0165-6147(83)90432-7

Cited by 107 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Moreover, the present results support the hypothesis advanced by Oreland and Shaskan [1983] that platelet MAO activity may be considered as a marker for central serotonergic activity, since low MAO activity was re lated to more failed inhibitions in the motor disinhibi tion task. In similar tasks deficient performance is strongly associated with serotonergic depletion in ani mal studies and with extraversión, impulsiveness and nonconformity in human subjects.…”

Section: Indications O F a Possible Relationship Between Low Frontal supporting

confidence: 79%

Exploring the Connections between Platelet Monoamine Oxidase Activity and Behavior: Relationships with Performance in Neuropsychological Tasks

et al. 1990

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Platelet MAO activity has been found to have behavioral (psychiatric and personality) correlates. The purpose of the present study was to explore the nature of the connections between platelet MAO activity and behavior by analyzing performance in neuropsychological tasks in relation to platelet MAO activity, measured in 37 male subjects. The following neuropsychological tests were given: a finger tapping and alternation test, a reaction time test, a perceptual maze test, a perspective fluctuation task (the Necker cube), and a lexical decision task. The reaction time tasks comprised a motor disinhibition task, in which auditory stimuli given simultaneously with light stimuli were signals for response inhibition. Significant relationships were obtained between low MAO activity and short response times and small variations in response times to left-sided visual stimuli, suggesting a readiness for higher right hemisphere activation in low MAO subjects, and between low platelet MAO activity and many perspective reversals, in line with expectations. Furthermore, high MAO subjects had equal tapping speed for both hands, which has been found in schizophrenic patients. Of special interest in the present results is the strong negative relationship obtained between platelet MAO activity and number of failed inhibitions in the motor disinhibition task, which in a multiple regression analysis highly significantly contributed to the prediction of platelet MAO activity. This finding is in line with the poor passive avoidance performance associated with serotonergic deficiency and syndromes of disinhibition, and thus supports the assumption that platelet MAO activity may be considered as a genetic marker for some properties of the central serotonergic system.

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Section: Indications O F a Possible Relationship Between Low Frontal supporting

confidence: 79%

Exploring the Connections between Platelet Monoamine Oxidase Activity and Behavior: Relationships with Performance in Neuropsychological Tasks

et al. 1990

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“…While two forms, MAO-A and MAO-B, are present in the human brain [8], only the B-form is present in blood platelets [9]. Connections between platelet MAO and central monoaminergic activity have been reported in several studies and there is support for the notion that platelet MAO activity reflects some property of the central serotonin system, such as the density, size or functional capacity [10][11][12]. Criminal offenders, diagnosed as psychopaths, have been reported to have lower platelet MAO activity than a control group of construction workers [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Personality Traits and Platelet Monoamine Oxidase Activity in a Swedish Male Criminal Population

et al. 2002

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Background: A Swedish male criminal population was grouped into personality disorder subgroups and investigated with regard to personality traits and platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity. The main aim of the study was to examine the possibility of a risk factor combination by having low platelet MAO activity as well as belonging to a certain diagnostic DSM-IV axis I (drug abuse in the present series) and/or II subgroup. Methods: Personality disorders were grouped into clusters according to the cluster system used in DSM-IV axis II. The prisoners were grouped into five subgroups and each subject completed the Karolinska Scales of Personality self-report questionnaire. The comparison group for the personality data comprised 51 non-criminal males from a longitudinal Swedish project. Platelet MAO activity was assessed for the criminals as well as for a control group including 60 non-criminal healthy male Caucasians. For testing the existence of syndromes, a configuration frequency analysis (CFA) was used. Results: The results showed low scores on the socialisation and high scores on the sensation seeking-related traits impulsiveness and monotony avoidance, and the somatic anxiety-related muscular tension in the criminals with any DSM-IV mental disorder, however most markedly in cluster AB and cluster B subjects. In addition, cluster AB subjects had significantly lower platelet MAO activity than controls. Two significant ‘types’ were found among the criminals: one was characterised by low platelet MAO activity, cluster B personality diagnosis as well as drug abuse disorder diagnosis; and the other by a pattern of normal platelet MAO activity, no cluster B personality disorder and no drug abuse disorder diagnosis. Conclusion: The aggregation of certain risk factors in the same individual has been shown to contribute to the development of criminal behaviour.

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“…81,82 In our hypothesis on the connection between trbc MAO and temperament, we have, however, also suggested an even simpler explanation, that eg the number of neurons, preferentially serotonergic, is co-regulated with trbc MAO. 72 This suggestion was based on early findings that there are marked strain-dependent variations in the number of midbrain dopamine neurons in mice 83 and that these variations correlate with interstrain differences in behaviour. 84 Regardless of whether transcriptions factors, such as the AP-2 family, regulate the expression of the number of monoamine neurons or a variety of candidate genes within the monoamine systems, or both, we would like to emphasize the role of transcription factors, besides polymorphisms in monoaminergic candidate genes, when explaining inter-individual differences in temperament and psychiatric vulnerability.…”

Section: General Summary and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…72 The association of both trbc MAO and the genotype of AP-2␤ with personality characteristics might suggest that these two markers in some way are linked to each other. Moreover, since the regulatory regions of the MAOB gene as well as several other genes of the central monoaminergic systems contain potential binding sites for AP-2, 73 we have tested the hypothesis that transcription factor AP-2␤ is connected to the expression of the human MAOB gene in megakaryocytes as estimated by trbc MAO activity.…”

Section: Transcription Factor Ap-2␤ and Trbc Maomentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic mechanisms of behavior—don't forget about the transcription factors

et al. 2001

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Major changes in psychiatric phenotypes due to genetic factors are seldom the result of single gene polymorphisms, but more often the result of several genetic mechanisms. In this millennium article we discuss the notion that the expression of numerous candidate genes could be regulated by the same transcription factors, and that polymorphisms in transcription factor genes might explain some phenotypes. We describe recent results of studies on the biological marker thrombocyte monoamine oxidase (trbc MAO) and the transcription factor AP-2␤. Low levels of trbc MAO is associated with temperamental characteristics such as sensation seeking and impulsiveness, and the enzyme is genetically regulated by specific transcriptional mechanisms. Transcription factor AP-2␤ is important for the development of midbrain structures and AP-2␤ has several binding sites in the regulatory regions of genes encoding key proteins in the monoamine transmitter systems. We have recently shown AP-2␤ to be linked to personality, binge-eating disorder, treatment with antidepressant drugs, and also to trbc MAO. Regardless of whether transcriptions factors, such as AP-2␤, regulate the expression of eg, the number of monoamine neurons or a variety of candidate genes within the monoamine systems, or both, we would like to emphasize the role of transcription factors, besides polymorphisms in monoaminergic candidate genes, when explaining inter-individual differences in temperament and psychiatric vulnerability. Molecular Psychiatry (2001) 6, 503-510.

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Monoamine oxidase activity as a biological marker

Cited by 107 publications

References 6 publications

Exploring the Connections between Platelet Monoamine Oxidase Activity and Behavior: Relationships with Performance in Neuropsychological Tasks

Exploring the Connections between Platelet Monoamine Oxidase Activity and Behavior: Relationships with Performance in Neuropsychological Tasks

Personality Traits and Platelet Monoamine Oxidase Activity in a Swedish Male Criminal Population

Genetic mechanisms of behavior—don't forget about the transcription factors

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