Monochromatic measurements of the JPSS-1 VIIRS polarization sensitivity

McIntire, Jeff; Moyer, David; Brown, Steven W.; Lykke, Keith R.; Waluschka, Eugène; Oudrari, Hassan; Xiong, Xiaoxiong

doi:10.1364/ao.55.007444

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…During the ground measurements, additional sources of polarization may be present (such as a transmission gradient in the polarizer and straylight) that do not appear on orbit; as a result, a fourth-order Fourier series was used to analyze the polarization data sets to account for other effects (which will be described in Section 4), as was the case for heritage sensors [12]…”

Section: Mueller Matrix Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-Launch Assessment of PACE OCI’s Polarization Sensitivity

McIntire,

Waluschka,

Meister

et al. 2024

Remote Sensing

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To provide ongoing continuity for the ocean, cloud, and aerosol science data records, NASA will launch the Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) mission on 8 February 2024. The Ocean Color Instrument (OCI) is the primary sensor onboard PACE and will provide ocean color science data to continue the data sets collected by heritage sensors MODIS, SeaWiFS, and VIIRS, but with increased spectral coverage and improved accuracy. The OCI is a grating spectrometer with hyperspectral coverage from the ultraviolet (about 315 nm) to near-infrared (about 900 nm), with additional filtered channels in the short-wave infrared (940 nm–2260 nm). A rigorous ground test program was conducted to calibrate the instrument and ensure that the calibration can be transferred to on-orbit operations in order to achieve the high levels of accuracy demanded by the science community. Some calibration parameters, such as polarization sensitivity, can only be measured during pre-launch testing. Tests were performed to measure the Mueller matrix components necessary to correct polarized scenes encountered on orbit. Measurements covered all spectral bands and a series of telescope scan angles encompassing the expected on-orbit scan range. The sensitivity (linear diattenuation) was measured above 340 nm to be below 0.6%, except at wavelengths, and was characterized as better than 0.1%. Below 340 nm, the sensitivity can be much higher, but this is not expected to affect the science data significantly. These results indicate that any polarized scenes encountered on orbit can be corrected with a high degree of confidence.

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Section: Mueller Matrix Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-Launch Assessment of PACE OCI’s Polarization Sensitivity

McIntire,

Waluschka,

Meister

et al. 2024

Remote Sensing

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“…It is challenging to observe the characteristics of the sensor when operating in orbit. Thus, a polarization test of GEMS to identify the intrinsic polarization sensitivities was performed on the ground before the launch by BATC as in other studies for various instruments (Sun and Xiong, 2007;McIntire et al, 2016;Liebing et al, 2018). The configuration of the polarization test is depicted in Figure 1.…”

Section: Polarization Characteristics Of Gemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) polarization characteristics and correction algorithm

Choi

Liu

Jeong

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Abstract. The Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) is the first geostationary earth orbit (GEO) environmental instrument, onboard the Geostationary Korea Multi-Purpose Satellite–2B (GEO-KOMPSAT-2B) launched on 19 February 2020, and is measuring reflected radiance from the Earth’s surface and atmosphere system in the range of 300 to 500 nm in the ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) region. The radiometric response of a satellite sensor that measures the UV-Vis wavelength region can depend on the polarization states of the incoming light. To reduce the sensitivity due to polarization, many current low earth orbit (LEO) satellites are equipped with a scrambler to depolarize the signals or a polarization measurement device (PMD) that simultaneously measures the polarization state of the atmosphere, then utilizes it for a polarization correction. However, a novel polarization correction algorithm is required since GEMS does not have a scrambler or a PMD. Therefore, this study aims to improve the radiometric accuracy of GEMS by developing a polarization correction algorithm optimized for GEMS that simultaneously considers the atmosphere's polarization state and the instrument's polarization sensitivity characteristics. The polarization factor and angle were derived by the preflight test on the ground as a function of wavelengths, showing a polarization sensitivity of more than 2 % at some specific wavelengths. The polarization states of the atmosphere are configured as a look-up table (LUT) using the Vector Linearized Discrete Ordinate Radiative-Transfer model (VLIDORT). Depending on the observation geometry and atmospheric conditions, the observed radiance spectrum can be included with a polarization error of up to 2 %. The performance of the proposed GEMS polarization algorithm was assessed using synthetic data, and the errors due to polarization were found to be larger in clear regions than in cloudy regions. After the polarization correction, polarization errors were reduced close to zero for almost all wavelengths, including a high peak and curvature of polarization error, which sufficiently demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed polarization correction algorithm. From the actual observation data after the launch of GEMS, the diurnal variation for the spatial distribution of polarization error was confirmed to be minimum at noon and maximum at sunrise/sunset. This can be used to improve the quality of GEMS measurements, the first geostationary environmental satellite, and then contribute to the retrieved accuracy of various Level 2 products (hereafter, L2), such as trace gases and aerosols in the atmosphere.

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“…An implementation of the above NIST approach was undertaken as part of the CLARREO project leading to the Goddard Laser for Absolute Measurement of Radiance (GLAMR) developed at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). GLAMR has been successfully used to characterize the radiometric and spectral responses of JPSS-2, 3, and 4 VIIRS, as well as the Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) and Landsat-9 OLI-2 [11][12][13]. These results relied primarily on the relative spectral response capabilities of GLAMR, while the absolute RadCal has been demonstrated with the calibration of an airborne imaging spectrometer [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absolute Radiometric Calibration of an Imaging Spectroradiometer Using a Laboratory Detector-Based Approach

et al. 2022

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The HyperSpectral Imager for Climate Science (HySICS) is the core instrument of the Climate Absolute Refractivity and Reflectance Observatory (CLARREO) Pathfinder (CPF) mission and is currently scheduled to be launched to the International Space Station (ISS) in 2023. HySICS is an Offner–Chrisp imaging spectrometer designed to meet an unprecedented radiometric uncertainty requirement of 0.3% (k = 1) over its entire spectral range of 350–2300 nm. The approach represents the need for significant improvement over the Radiometric Calibration (RadCal) of existing space-borne spectrometers. One strategy to demonstrate that HySICS achieves this level of accuracy is through an Independent Calibration (IndCal) effort that can provide an alternative referencing RadCal, which follows a traceability chain independent of the operational RadCal of ratioing approach. The IndCal relies on a pre-launch detector-based absolute RadCal of HySICS, using a tunable laser system as source, and the system planned for the HySICS absolute RadCal is the Goddard Laser for Absolute Measurement of Radiance (GLAMR). GLAMR was developed at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center and has been used to calibrate multiple operational remote sensing instruments, as well as the SOlar, Lunar Absolute Reflectance Imaging Spectroradiometer (SOLARIS), a calibration demonstration system developed for the CLARREO mission. In this work, the data of SOLARIS GLAMR RadCal conducted in 2019 are processed to derive the Absolute Spectral Response (ASR) functions and other key characterization parameters of SOLARIS detectors. The results are further analyzed with the goals to plan the HySICS GLAMR RadCal, in particular to optimize its configuration, to demonstrate the traceability route to the NIST standard, and to develop the error budget of the calibration approach. The SOLARIS calibration is also compared with other source- and detector-based calibrations to validate the absolute radiometric accuracy achieved.

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Monochromatic measurements of the JPSS-1 VIIRS polarization sensitivity

Cited by 15 publications

References 17 publications

Pre-Launch Assessment of PACE OCI’s Polarization Sensitivity

Pre-Launch Assessment of PACE OCI’s Polarization Sensitivity

Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) polarization characteristics and correction algorithm

Absolute Radiometric Calibration of an Imaging Spectroradiometer Using a Laboratory Detector-Based Approach

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