Feasibility study of laser-produced monochromatic x-ray pulses for application to radiobiology is reviewed. The x-ray source has salient features such as ultra-short duration in time, emission from a tiny point in space, and a monochromatic spectrum in energy, thus provides us a new method, hardly attained with conventional radiation sources, to explore studies radiobiological response of alive cells exposed to intense x-ray pulses. And, by choosing appropriate photon energy, infl uence of absorption depth in the cell on radiation damage can be also investigated. An x-ray microbeam system has been developed to demonstrate this idea and to irradiate cancer cells with laser-plasma x-ray pulses. Usefulness of the system on the radiobiological study is successfully confi rmed.