Monoclonal Antibodies

Zola, Heddy

doi:10.1002/9780470015902.a0001205.pub3

Cited by 4 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…MAbs interact with a single epitope allowing a specific reactivity and affinity for target antigens. This feature is a great advantage over polyclonal antibodies, which have different epitope specificities and affinities [22,23]. For this reason, MAbs have a broad clinical applicability in therapy for various illness, including cancer, transplant rejection, and autoimmune, infectious, hematologic, and cardiovascular diseases.…”

Section: Immunoglobulinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phage Display as a Strategy to Obtain Anti-flavivirus Monoclonal Antibodies

Silva¹,

França²,

Silva³

et al. 2020

Dengue Fever in a One Health Perspective

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Arbovirus of the Flaviviridae family represents an issue worldwide, particularly because it can lead to serious illness and death in some countries. There is still a great complexity in obtaining effective therapies and specific and sensitive diagnostic tests, due to the high antigenic similarity between them. This similarity may account for antibodies cross reactivity which has positive and negative consequences for the course of infectious diseases. Among dengue virus (DENV) serotype infections, the cross-reactivity can increase virus replication and the risk of a severe disease by a mechanism known as an antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). The search for serological biomarkers through monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) that identify unique viral regions can assist in the differential detection, whereas the development of recombinant antibodies with a neutralizing potential can lead to the establishment of efficacious treatments. The Phage Display methodology emerged as one of the main alternatives for the selection of human MAbs with high affinity for a specific target. Therefore, this technology can be a faster alternative for the development of specific diagnostic platforms and efficient and safe treatments for flavivirus infections. In this context, we propose for this chapter a discussion about Phage Display as a strategy to obtain MAbs for DENV and other flaviviruses.

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Section: Immunoglobulinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phage Display as a Strategy to Obtain Anti-flavivirus Monoclonal Antibodies

Silva¹,

França²,

Silva³

et al. 2020

Dengue Fever in a One Health Perspective

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“…In 1988, Greg Winter used the first humanized MAbs to avoid reactions/ responses observed in patients injected with murine derived MAbs. 1–4…”

Section: Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This selective culture medium is HAT medium containing hypoxanthine, aminopterin, and thymidine respectively. 1–4…”

Section: Outline Of Production Of Mabsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, these generated antibodies are better at binding with the antigen with greater affinity and high specificity. 1…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This also enables one to screen an antibody of choice from a mixture of antibody population with a purified antigen; thus, a single cell clone can be isolated. 1–2 For these reasons, the objective of this review was to dissect the diverse facets of applicability of MAbs in disease monitoring and diagnosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monoclonal Antibodies: A Tool in Clinical Research

Ansar¹,

Ghosh

2013

Indian Journal of Clinical Medicine

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Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) are an old immunological tool with applications in the fields of immunology, biotechnology, biochemistry, and applied biology. Production of monoclonal antibodies using hybridoma technology was discovered in 1975 by Georges Kohler of West Germany and Cesar Milstein of Argentina. Modern-day research on MAbs from laboratories worldwide is revealing additional applications in diverse branches of sciences. Recently, MAbs have been widely applied in the field of clinical medicine. Currently, MAbs account for one-third of all the new therapeutic treatments for breast cancer, leukemia, arthritis, transplant rejection, asthma, and psoriasis, with many more late-stage clinical trials being conducted. In this review, we outline the (i) production of MAbs, (ii) application of MAbs, (iii) antibody engineering, and (iv) pharmaceutical application of MAbs. The future prospect of this review lies in the applicability of monoclonal antibodies as a molecule for understanding and monitoring the biology of disease and its role in research, clinical, diagnostic, analytical, and pharmaceutical applications.

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Fluorescence Imaging

Albani

2016

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

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A number of fluorescence imaging techniques show diagnostic promise. Imaging endogenous fluorescence has been proposed as a method for cancer diagnosis. Unfortunately, tissue auto fluorescence is relatively weak and poor contrast between malignant and normal tissue is seen. Contrast may be enhanced with the addition of fluorescent materials that are selectively accumulated by malignant cells, such as fluorescein or porphyrin derivatives. The limited penetration of light at the emission maxima of these materials restricts the use of fluorescence techniques utilizing these chromophores to superficial phenomena. However, many potential applications still exist. For example, monitoring fluorescence during surgery may allow resection margins to be clearly delineated. Other exogenous chromophores that may have diagnostic utility include indocyanine green (ICG). Techniques based on visualization of the distribution of ICG fluorescence (i.e., choroidal angiography) are already prominent in ophthalmology. ICG fluorescence imaging may also find a useful niche in monitoring of burns and transplant tissue. In addition, monitoring of vascular parameters during cardiac surgery presents exciting opportunities. For example, low oxygen levels (e.g., during bypass surgery) in the heart can result in alterations in microvascular permeability. As ICG is largely bound to serum albumin, it should not be seen in extravascular spaces in normal hearts. However, increased permeability will allow albumin to diffuse into the extravascular spaces, and diffuse fluorescence across the surface of the heart will be seen. In principle, the infusion of polymers (e.g., dextrans) of various molecular weights labeled with dyes that fluoresce at various wavelengths will allow the assessment of the porosity of capillary beds in such systems. Immunofluorescence techniques have the potential to provide unmatched sensitivity and specificity. The unique nature of antibody‐antigen interactions ensures specific delivery of the fluorophore to the site of interest. The specific interaction of labeled antibodies with antigens means that the fluorophore persists in the body for a prolonged period of time (days). Following a single injection of labeled antibody, repeated measurements on the same site over the course of hours or days allow kinetic information to be readily obtained. In principle, this means that the effect of therapeutic intervention, i.e., radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and so on, can be monitored.

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Monoclonal Antibodies

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

Phage Display as a Strategy to Obtain Anti-flavivirus Monoclonal Antibodies

Phage Display as a Strategy to Obtain Anti-flavivirus Monoclonal Antibodies

Monoclonal Antibodies: A Tool in Clinical Research

Fluorescence Imaging

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