Monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of severe asthma

Chaplin, Steve

doi:10.1002/psb.1830

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, there are five monoclonal antibodies addressed against type 2 immune activation authorized as a specific target therapy for the treatment of severe eosinophilic asthma ( Chaplin, 2020 ): omalizumab, which binds to IgE, blocking their interaction to the relative IgE receptor on basophils and mast cells; it down‐regulates the expression of IgE receptor ( MacGlashan et al, 1997 ); benralizumab, an IL‐5 receptor antagonist, which is expressed on the surface of eosinophils and basophils, provoking their apoptosis ( Kolbeck et al, 2010 ); mepolizumab, targeted to IL‐5, blocking the binding with the respective receptor expressed on eosinophils; reslizumab, targeted to IL‐5, blocking the binding with the respective receptor expressed on eosinophils; dupilumab, which slows down type 2 inflammation, blocking IL‐4 and IL‐13; …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anti-IL5 Drugs in COVID-19 Patients: Role of Eosinophils in SARS-CoV-2-Induced Immunopathology

Pala

Pistis

2021

Front. Pharmacol.

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SARS-CoV-2 infection stimulates a complex activation of the immune system. Eosinophils belong to the host’s defense equipment against respiratory viruses. In the first phase of the infection, eosinophils contribution is probably appropriate and beneficial, as they facilitate the suppression of the viral replication. However, in severe COVID-19 patients, during the second and third phases of the disease, eosinophils may participate in a maladaptive immune response and directly contribute to immunopathology. In fact, in severe patients, the immune response is prevalently T helper 1 type, but T helper 2 is also present. Eosinophils’ expansion and activation are stimulated by Type 2 cytokines, especially IL-5. Moreover, bronchial asthma, in which eosinophils play a central role, seems not to be a major risk factor for severe COVID-19. Among possible explanations, asthmatic patients are often treated with corticosteroids, which have been demonstrated to reduce the progression to critical COVID-19 in hospitalized patients. In addition to steroids, severe asthmatic patients are currently treated with biological drugs that target Type 2 immune response. Because IL-5 is necessary for the growth, survival, and activation of eosinophils, IL-5 inhibitors, such as mepolizumab, decrease the peripheral blood count of eosinophils, but do not influence eosinophils activation in the airway. In severe COVID-19 patients, the blockade of eosinophils’ activation might contrast harmful immunity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-IL5 Drugs in COVID-19 Patients: Role of Eosinophils in SARS-CoV-2-Induced Immunopathology

Pala

Pistis

2021

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…Biological drugs for severe asthma inhibit IgE or particular cytokines driving allergic and T H 2-high asthma, such as IL-4, IL-5 or IL-13. 6 (Prescriber reviewed biological drugs for asthma in March 2020 8 and Hynes and Pavord 6 recently published a comprehensive review.) In Professor Pavord's experience, about 40% of patients with severe T H 2-high asthma show a "dramatic, life-changing" benefit from biological therapy.…”

Section: Tailoring Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%