Monoclonal Antibody‐Guided Tumor‐Targeted Hollow Virus‐Like Cerium Oxide with Oxygen Self‐Supply for Intensifying Photodynamic Therapy

Abstract

The hypoxic character of tumors and the poor targeting ability of photosensitizers often limit the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT). In recent years, the discovery of metal nanoenzymes and nanocarriers has improved PDT. Thereby, to improve the effective utilization of photosensitizers and oxygen (O 2 ) in tumors, herein, a nanosystem (LS-HB@HvCeO 2 -NRP1 mAb, LHCN1) is reported, in which a hollow virus-like cerium oxide (HvCeO 2 ) is surface-decorated with tumor-targeting neuropilin-1 monoclonal antibody (NRP1 mAb), and loaded with a photosensitizer (chlorin e6-C-15-ethyl ester, LS-HB). In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that LHCN1 can efficiently accumulate within the tumor sites via the targeting guidance of NRP1 mAb and is then rapidly endocytosed into cells. Furthermore, HvCeO 2 with catalase-mimetic activity can decompose the endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) to promote O 2 via the valence transformation between Ce 4+ and Ce 3+ , relieving tumor hypoxia and improving the PDT efficacy. Upon near-infrared laser irradiation, LS-HB produces large amounts of cytotoxic reactive oxygen species. Moreover, LHCN1 is used in fluorescence/photoacoustic multimodal imaging for in vivo drug localization, and its use in PDT evidently helps inhibit tumor growth with no apparent toxicity to normal tissues. Thus, LHCN1 may provide a promising strategy for precise tumor-specific diagnosis and treatment.

Disulfide‐Bridged Dendritic Organosilicas‐Based Biodegradable Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Multiple Targeting and pH/Redox‐Responsive Drug Release toward Chemical/Photodynamic Synergistic Tumor Therapy

“…Finally, the cells were incubated shielded from light or were irradiated (655 nm laser, 100 mW cm −2 , 10 min), and then observed using CLSM. [ 22 ]…”

“…Finally, the cells were incubated shielded from light or were irradiated (655 nm laser, 100 mW cm −2 , 10 min), and then observed using CLSM. [22] In Vitro Cellular Uptake: The assessment of in vitro cytotoxicity is described in the Supporting Information. Targeted imaging and cell uptake evaluations were performed based on CLSM and flow cytometry.…”

Functional role of geminivirus encoded proteins in the host: Past and present

“…[122] Further, it was studied that silencing of cyclophilin B (CypB) gene, peptidoglycan recognition protein impairs the insect normal growth, its structure development and transmission ability of begomoviruses. [123][124][125] This cyclophilin protein has been found in interaction with TYLCV, colocalized mainly in the midgut, eggs, and salivary glands. Moreover, this CypB protein binds with hsp70 in B. tabaci midgut that mediates the viral transmission of TYLCV.…”

The effects of biological and chemical silver nanoparticles along with aerobic and anaerobic training protocols on tissues: Morphological and histopathological evaluation

“…Kim et al showed that AgNPs can be seen in the basement membrane of renal tubules in the cortical area of the kidney and also accumulate in the middle and medullary areas of the kidney (Kim et al, 2009). Numerous studies have shown that biological nanoparticles are safe (Li et al, 2023). Yahyaei et al found that the use of biological AgNPs and gold nanoparticles has no destructive effects on body tissues (Yahyaei et al, 2019).…”