Monoclonal Antibody Specific to Urochordate Botryllus schlosseri Pyloric Gland

Lapidot, Ziva; Paz, Guy; Rinkevich, Baruch

doi:10.1007/s10126-002-0087-9

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Immunohistochemistry and general histology were performed as described by Lapidot [61]. Dissected blood vessels were fixed in Bouin's solution for 1 h, dehydrated in 70% ethanol, and embedded in paraffin wax.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic Bud Induction and Retinoic Acid Signaling Underlie Whole Body Regeneration in the Urochordate Botrylloides leachi

et al. 2007

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Regeneration in adult chordates is confined to a few model cases and terminates in restoration of restricted tissues and organs. Here, we study the unique phenomenon of whole body regeneration (WBR) in the colonial urochordate Botrylloides leachi in which an entire adult zooid is restored from a miniscule blood vessel fragment. In contrast to all other documented cases, regeneration is induced systemically in blood vessels. Multiple buds appear simultaneously in newly established regeneration niches within vasculature fragments, stemming from composites of pluripotent blood cells and terminating in one functional zooid. We found that retinoic acid (RA) regulates diverse developmental aspects in WBR. The homologue of the RA receptor and a retinaldehyde dehydrogenase-related gene were expressed specifically in blood cells within regeneration niches and throughout bud development. The addition of RA inhibitors as well as RNA interference knockdown experiments resulted in WBR arrest and bud malformations. The administration of all-trans RA to blood vessel fragments resulted in doubly accelerated regeneration and multibud formation, leading to restored colonies with multiple zooids. The Botrylloides system differs from known regeneration model systems by several fundamental criteria, including epimorphosis without the formation of blastema and the induction of a “multifocal regeneration niche” system. This is also to our knowledge the first documented case of WBR from circulating blood cells that restores not only the soma, but also the germ line. This unique Botrylloides WBR process could serve as a new in vivo model system for regeneration, suggesting that RA signaling may have had ancestral roles in body restoration events.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic Bud Induction and Retinoic Acid Signaling Underlie Whole Body Regeneration in the Urochordate Botrylloides leachi

et al. 2007

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“…In the recent past, monoclonal antibodies have been raised against B. schlosseri cells as tools to infer pathways of cell differentiation (Schlumpberger et al, '84a, b; Lauzon et al, '92; Fagan and Weissman, '98; Lapidot et al, 2003; Lapidot and Rinkevich, 2005, 2006).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships among hemocytes, tunic cells, germ cells, and accessory cells in the colonial ascidian Botryllus schlosseri

2011

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Monoclonal antibodies were raised against hemocytes of the colonial ascidian Botryllus schlosseri as possible tools to study hemocyte differentiation. In this species, blood cells are involved in various biological functions, such as immunosurveillance, encapsulation of foreign bodies, metal accumulation, and allorecognition. The latter process drives the fusion or rejection of contacting colonies, according to whether they do or do not share at least one allele at the fusibility/histocompatibility (Fu/HC) locus. Hemocytes take part in the rejection reaction, which suggests that they express molecules, coded by the Fu/HC locus, on their surface. A homozygous colony at the Fu/HC locus was used to produce the antibodies, which were screened by immunocytochemistry on hemocyte monolayers, immunohistochemistry on colony paraffin sections, and immunoblotting on colony homogenates. Here, we report on one of the obtained antibodies (1D8), which recognized a surface epitope on hemocytes of the donor colony and other colonies, apparently in a manner specific to the Fu/HC genotype. It also labeled a single 80-kDa band in colony homogenates. In addition, it specifically recognized tunic cells, germ cells, and their accessory cells. These results strengthen the assumption of a close relationship among these types of cells and blood cells, and suggest a close relationship among the above cells, probably deriving from undifferentiated blood cells.

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“…Immunohistochemistry was performed on histological sections as described by Lapidot et al [18] using alloreactive naïve and interacting colonies. We used goat anti-human fibrinogen antibody (F-2506, Sigma Aldrich, Israel) as the first antibody at a dilution of 1∶2500 and Cy-2-labeled rabbit anti-goat antibody (Jackson ImmunoResearch labaratories inc., PA, USA) as secondary antibody at a dilution of 1∶250.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urochordate Histoincompatible Interactions Activate Vertebrate-Like Coagulation System Components

et al. 2008

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The colonial ascidian Botryllus schlosseri expresses a unique allorecognition system. When two histoincompatible Botryllus colonies come into direct contact, they develop an inflammatory-like rejection response. A surprising high number of vertebrates' coagulation genes and coagulation-related domains were disclosed in a cDNA library of differentially expressed sequence tags (ESTs), prepared for this allorejection process. Serine proteases, especially from the trypsin family, were highly represented among Botryllus library ortholgues and its “molecular function” gene ontology analysis. These, together with the built-up clot-like lesions in the interaction area, led us to further test whether a vertebrate-like clotting system participates in Botryllus innate immunity. Three morphologically distinct clot types (points of rejection; POR) were followed. We demonstrated the specific expression of nine coagulation orthologue transcripts in Botryllus rejection processes and effects of the anti-coagulant heparin on POR formation and heartbeats. In situ hybridization of fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor orthologues elucidated enhanced expression patterns specific to histoincompatible reactions as well as common expressions not augmented by innate immunity. Immunohistochemistry for fibrinogen revealed, in naïve and immune challenged colonies alike, specific antibody binding to a small population of Botryllus compartment cells. Altogether, molecular, physiological and morphological outcomes suggest the involvement of vertebrates-like coagulation elements in urochordate immunity, not assigned with vasculature injury.

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Monoclonal Antibody Specific to Urochordate Botryllus schlosseri Pyloric Gland

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

Systemic Bud Induction and Retinoic Acid Signaling Underlie Whole Body Regeneration in the Urochordate Botrylloides leachi

Systemic Bud Induction and Retinoic Acid Signaling Underlie Whole Body Regeneration in the Urochordate Botrylloides leachi

Relationships among hemocytes, tunic cells, germ cells, and accessory cells in the colonial ascidian Botryllus schlosseri

Urochordate Histoincompatible Interactions Activate Vertebrate-Like Coagulation System Components

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