Monocular and Binocular Visual Function Deficits in Amblyopic Patients with and without Fusion Maldevelopment Nystagmus

Murray, Jordan; Garg, Kiran; Ghasia, Fatema F.

doi:10.2147/eb.s300454

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 43 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“… 40 , 47 , 93 We have shown that patients with FMN had worse stereopsis deficits than patients without FMN. 70 In the current study, most of the patients with FMN had absent stereopsis. We examined the inter-ocular suppression using dichoptic motion coherence, and preliminary analysis demonstrates that patients with FMN had greater inter-ocular suppression for a given level of visual acuity deficits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

“… 52 We have also found that patients with amblyopia with nystagmus have greater impairment of visual functions with increased amplitude of quick phase, eye position variance, and velocities of the slow phases compared to patients without nystagmus. 52 , 65 , 87 These collectively suggest that increased fixation instability with increased amplitude and velocities of fast and slow FEMs in amblyopia are associated with worse visual function deficits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Subjects viewed one randomly selected Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) optotype with crowding bars – the size was adjusted per a 2-down-1-up staircase with 6 reversals. 70 The thresholds were taken to be the arithmetic mean of the reversals and converted into logMAR. The Titmus Stereoacuity Test was used to measure stereo-acuity in log arcsec.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effect of Viewing Conditions on Fixation Eye Movements and Eye Alignment in Amblyopia

Murray

Gupta

Dulaney

et al. 2022

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose Patients with amblyopia are known to have fixation instability, which arises from alteration of physiologic fixation eye movements (FEMs) and nystagmus. We assessed the effects of monocular, binocular, and dichoptic viewing on FEMs and eye alignment in patients with and without fusion maldevelopment nystagmus (FMN). Methods Thirty-four patients with amblyopia and seven healthy controls were recruited for this study. Eye movements were recorded using infrared video-oculography during (1) fellow eye viewing (FEV), (2) amblyopic eye viewing (AEV), (3) both eye viewing (BEV), and (4) dichoptic viewing (DcV) at varying fellow eye (FE) contrasts. The patients were classified per the clinical type of amblyopia and FEM waveforms into those without nystagmus, those with nystagmus with and without FMN. Fixational saccades and intersaccadic drifts, quick and slow phases of nystagmus, and bivariate contour ellipse area were analyzed in the FE and amblyopic eye (AE). Results We found that FEMs are differentially affected with increased amplitude of quick phases of FMN observed during AEV than BEV and during DcV at lower FE contrasts. Increased fixation instability was seen in anisometropic patients at lower FE contrasts. Incomitance of eye misalignment was seen with the greatest increase during FEV. Strabismic/mixed amblyopia patients without FMN were more likely to demonstrate a fixation switch where the AE attends to the target during DcV than patients with FMN. Conclusions Our findings suggest that FEM abnormalities modulate with different viewing conditions as used in various amblyopia therapies. Increased FEM abnormalities could affect the visual function deficits and may have treatment implications.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of Viewing Conditions on Fixation Eye Movements and Eye Alignment in Amblyopia

Murray

Gupta

Dulaney

et al. 2022

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In a recent paper from our lab, we have systematically evaluated stereopsis in patients with and without nystagmus as a function of severity of amblyopia. We found that mild to moderate amblyopic patients with nystagmus were more likely to have absent stereopsis compared to patients without nystagmus 34 . We have also previously reported that amblyopic patients with microstrabismus and nystagmus were more likely to have poor recovery of stereopsis and require longer duration of amblyopia treatment despite improvement in visual acuity with patching treatment 19 , 23 , 35 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Fixation eye movement abnormalities and stereopsis recovery following strabismus repair

Martin

Murray

Garg

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We evaluated the effects of strabismus repair on fixational eye movements (FEMs) and stereopsis recovery in patients with fusion maldevelopment nystagmus (FMN) and patients without nystagmus. Twenty-one patients with strabismus, twelve with FMN and nine without nystagmus, were tested before and after strabismus repair. Eye-movements were recorded during a gaze-holding task under monocular viewing conditions. Fast (fixational saccades and quick phases of nystagmus) and slow (inter-saccadic drifts and slow phases of nystagmus) FEMs and bivariate contour ellipse area (BCEA) were analyzed in the viewing and non-viewing eye. Strabismus repair improved the angle of strabismus in subjects with and without FMN, however patients without nystagmus were more likely to have improvement in stereoacuity. The fixational saccade amplitudes and intersaccadic drift velocities in both eyes decreased after strabismus repair in subjects without nystagmus. The slow phase velocities were higher in patients with FMN compared to inter-saccadic drifts in patients without nystagmus. There was no change in the BCEA after surgery in either group. In patients without nystagmus, the improvement of the binocular function (stereopsis), as well as decreased fixational saccade amplitude and intersaccadic drift velocity, could be due, at least partially, to central adaptive mechanisms rendered possible by surgical realignment of the eyes. The absence of improvement in patients with FMN post strabismus repair likely suggests the lack of such adaptive mechanisms in patients with early onset infantile strabismus. Assessment of fixation eye movement characteristics can be a useful tool to predict functional improvement post strabismus repair.

show abstract

“…ET and VOG are currently used in various areas associated with visual functioning, including nystagmus, 6–8 oculomotricity, 9–14 contrast sensitivity, 15 visual acuity, 15 pupillography, 16 cyclotorsion, 17,18 and primarily for detecting and/or quantifying ocular misalignment, whether it be heterophoria 19–24 or heterotropia 25–52 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of Strabismus Measurement Using a Video Oculagraphy System and Alternate Prism Cover Test

Cantó-Cerdán,

Martínez-Abad,

Siverio-Colomina

et al. 2023

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose: The aim of the study was to compare distance vision measurements obtained with video oculography (VOG) and an alternate prism cover test (APCT). Design: Single-center, retrospective, and cross-sectional. Methods: Eighty-seven subjects with strabismus were included. All patients underwent an optometric examination. The measurement of strabismus in distance vision was performed with the best optical correction using the APCT and the VOG GazeLab. Subjects were divided according to the type of strabismus; 41 were esotropic and 46 were exotropic. Results: The general comparison of APCT and VOG showed a mean difference of 0.60±2.74 prism diopters (Δ), not observing statistical differences between both methods (P=0.059) and presenting a correlation of 0.976 (P<0.001). Using APCT, the mean amount of esotropia for the group was 18.31±11.64 Δ and that of exotropia was 19.62±8.80 Δ. Compared with the VOG, the mean value of esotropia for the group was 18.65±11.65 Δ and that of exotropia was 19.48±8.62 Δ. The means are statistically different for the esotropia group (P=0.005) but not for the exotropia group (P=0.318). There was a high direct correlation between the methods of measurement for both the esotropic (R=0.980; P<0.001) and exotropic patients (R=0.975; P<0.001). Bland-Altman analysis shows a mean difference of 1.37±2.76 Δ for the esotropia patients and 0.31±2.66 Δ for the exotropic patients, respectively. Conclusions: This study demonstrated comparable results in measuring strabismus between VOG and APTC for esotropia and exotropia, with an excellent correlation between both methods and good agreement, especially in subjects with exotropia.

show abstract

Monocular and Binocular Visual Function Deficits in Amblyopic Patients with and without Fusion Maldevelopment Nystagmus

Cited by 11 publications

References 43 publications

Effect of Viewing Conditions on Fixation Eye Movements and Eye Alignment in Amblyopia

Effect of Viewing Conditions on Fixation Eye Movements and Eye Alignment in Amblyopia

Fixation eye movement abnormalities and stereopsis recovery following strabismus repair

Comparative Analysis of Strabismus Measurement Using a Video Oculagraphy System and Alternate Prism Cover Test

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About