Monocyte and Macrophage Plasticity in Tissue Repair and Regeneration

Das, Amitava; Sinha, Mithun; Datta, Soma; Abas, Motaz; Chaffee, Scott; Sen, Chandan K.; Roy, Sashwati

doi:10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.06.001

Cited by 606 publications

(534 citation statements)

References 115 publications

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“…An additional possibility is that other cell types transdifferentiate into LECs, as has been shown in the case of tumor-related blood vessels (Kirschmann et al, 2012;Soda et al, 2011) and in tissue regeneration (reviewed by Das et al, 2015). It has also been shown, for example, that bone marrow-derived cells, and myeloid cells in particular, can contribute to lymphatic vessel growth under pathological conditions (Maruyama et al, 2005).…”

Section: Implications For Disease and Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the lymphatic system: new questions and paradigms

2016

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The lymphatic system is a blind-ended network of vessels that plays important roles in mediating tissue fluid homeostasis, intestinal lipid absorption and the immune response. A profound understanding of the development of lymphatic vessels, as well as of the molecular cues governing their formation and morphogenesis, might prove essential for our ability to treat lymphatic-related diseases. The embryonic origins of lymphatic vessels have been debated for over a century, with a model claiming a venous origin for the lymphatic endothelium being predominant. However, recent studies have provided new insights into the origins of lymphatic vessels. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms controlling lymphatic specification and sprouting, and we discuss exciting findings that shed new light on previously uncharacterized sources of lymphatic endothelial cells.

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Section: Implications For Disease and Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the lymphatic system: new questions and paradigms

2016

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“…Such cellular transition is commonly exhibited not only by stem cells but also by blood-borne monocytederived macrophages. Das et al 14 have addressed the significance of plasticity in macrophages and monocytes and their relevance to tissue regeneration and repair.…”

Section: Cellular Plasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Expanding Horizons of Cellular Plasticity in Regenerative Medicine

Sen

2015

The American Journal of Pathology

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“…Broadly, both classical and intermediate monocytes are able to exhibit inflammatory properties (14,15). Elevated CD16 + monocytes were observed during bacterial infections (14).…”

Section: Monocyte/macrophages Linage: the First Line Of Immune Defencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Macrophage phenotypes and functions vary with their anatomical locations (15). in a year in mice (27), however, no studies till date reported about the half-life of human AMs.…”

Section: Macrophage: a Multi-role Immune Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They were first described by a Russian-French biologist, Elie Metchnikoff in late 1884 as phagocytic cells engaging against invader pathogens by elimination. The name "macrophage" came from the Greek words, "makros" large and "phagein' eat (15). In 1905, Hirsch et al proposed these phagocytic cells as resistant to certain bacterial infections and setting the basis for the concept (19).…”

Section: Macrophage: a Multi-role Immune Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Macrophage Polarization and Function in Cystic Fibrosis

Tarique¹

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If "Diversity is the rule of nature", macrophages, one of the innate immune cells of our body, have proven to be a true apostle. At the early stage of infection, they protect the host by exhibiting the pro-inflammatory phenotype (M1). Upon clearance of microbial threats, macrophages engage themselves in the repair process of the damaged tissue by showing anti-inflammatory or wound healing (M2) attributes. While incomplete microbial clearance leads to recurrent infections, defects in macrophage-mediated tissue repair mechanism result in immunopathology. The classical (M1) and alternatively (M2) polarized macrophages are the two extreme ends of a spectrum of in vivo macrophages phenotypes that dictate the nature, duration and severity of inflammation. Murine models of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases showed the necessity of an adequate balance between macrophage subsets to maintain homeostasis, while imbalance is likely to lead exaggerated inflammation. In humans, an association between defective macrophage function and disease severity has been reported in many diseases including asthma, cystic fibrosis (CF), COPD, and atherosclerosis. Unfortunately, human M1 and M2 macrophages have not been well characterized. Firstly, the lack of homologs for certain murine genes in humans makes murine markers of limited use in humans. Secondly, there was no consensus method for in vitro differentiation of human M1 and M2 macrophages. Therefore, the first part of this thesis aimed to develop a novel method to differentiate and characterize human M1 and M2 macrophages. Initial studies with THP-1 cell line derived macrophage-like cells demonstrated that they didn't fully represent human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs). MDMs were therefore chosen as starting materials for the rest of the study. MDMs were considered as uncommitted "M0" macrophages. A number of inducers were employed to polarize M0 macrophages into either M1s or M2s. LPS treated M1 macrophages showed CD64 + CD80 + phenotype, whereas, IFN- induced M1s exhibited CD64 ++ CD80 -phenotype. These M1s secreted pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF-, IL-1, IL-8 and were highly phagocytic. On the contrary, IL-4/IL-13 induced M2 macrophages were identified as CD11b + CD209 + cell population and were endocytic. Once polarized, macrophages then were left in cytokine-deficient medium to assess the persistence of polarized phenotype over time. In cytokine-free condition, previously polarized macrophages reverted to M0 state by 12 days.Treatment with IL-13 on previously polarized M1 macrophages resulted in a switch to CD209 + M2sand vice versa indicating the plasticity nature of human macrophages.Excessive neutrophilic pulmonary inflammation is the hallmark of cystic fibrosis (CF).However, factors that trigger such dysregulated neutrophilic inflammation and why this is not

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Monocyte and Macrophage Plasticity in Tissue Repair and Regeneration

Cited by 606 publications

References 115 publications

Development of the lymphatic system: new questions and paradigms

Development of the lymphatic system: new questions and paradigms

Expanding Horizons of Cellular Plasticity in Regenerative Medicine

Macrophage Polarization and Function in Cystic Fibrosis

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