“…These enzymes include the manganese enzyme in mitochondria, SOD2, and copper͞zinc enzymes present in the cytosol, SOD1, or extracellular surfaces, SOD3. The importance of SOD2 is highlighted by the findings that, in contrast to SOD1 (18) and SOD3 (19), SOD2 knockout is lethal to mice (20)(21)(22) (26,27), recruitment of neutrophils at sites of inflammation (28,29), lipid peroxidation and oxidation, DNA single strand damage (30), release of cytokines such as TNF-␣ and IL-1 (31,32), and formation of ONOO Ϫ , a potent cytotoxic and proinflammatory molecule (33)(34)(35)(36)(37). One of the most important features of shock that ultimately determines survival is the reversibility of inadequate organ perfusion secondary to loss of vasomotor tone, which in turn leads to reduced venous return, reduced cardiac output, and severe arterial hypotension (5).…”