Monogenic lupus: insights into disease pathogenesis and therapeutic opportunities

Abstract

Purpose of review This review aims to provide an overview of the genes and molecular pathways involved in monogenic lupus, the implications for genome diagnosis, and the potential therapies targeting these molecular mechanisms. Recent findings To date, more than 30 genes have been identified as contributors to monogenic lupus. These genes are primarily related to complement deficiency, activation of the type I interferon (IFN) pathway, disruption of B-cell and T-cell tolerance and metabolic pathways, which reveal the multifaceted nature of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pathogenesis. Summary In-depth study of the causes of monogenic lupus can provide valuable insights into of pathogenic mechanisms of SLE, facilitate the identification of effective biomarkers, and aid in developing therapeutic strategies.