Monolayer Cu₂Se: a topological catalysis in CO₂ electroreduction

Abstract

This investigation provides a comprehensive exploration into the intricate interplay between topological surface states and catalytic performance in two-dimensional (2D) materials, with specific emphasis on monolayer Cu2Se. Leveraging the unique characteristics of nodal loop semimetals (NLSMs), we delve into the precise influence of topological surface state on catalytic activity, particularly in the domain of CO2 electrochemical reduction. Our findings illuminate the central role played by these topological surface states, arising from the underlying NLSM framework, in sculpting catalytic efficiency. The length of these surface states emerges as a critical determinant of surface density of states (DOSs), a fundamental factor governing catalytic behavior. Extension of these surface states correlates with heightened surface DOSs, yielding lower Gibbs free energies and consequently enhancing catalytic performance, particularly in the electrochemical reduction of CO2. Moreover, we underscore the profound importance of preserving symmetries that protect the nodal loop. The disruption of these symmetries is found to result in a significant degradation of catalytic efficacy, underscoring the paramount significance of topological features in facilitating catalytic processes. Therefore, this study not only elucidates the fundamental role of topological surface states in dictating the catalytic performance of topological 2D materials but also paves the way for harnessing these unique attributes to drive sustainable and highly efficient catalysis across a diverse spectrum of chemical processes.