Monolayer spontaneous curvature of raft-forming membrane lipids

Kollmitzer, Benjamin; Heftberger, Peter; Rappolt, Michael; Pabst, Georg

doi:10.1039/c3sm51829a

Cited by 245 publications

(319 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…However, in an asymmetric bilayer, we need to consider the bilayer as two individual monolayers with independent spontaneous curvature and bending modulus values. 67,68 This is because each lipid shape that deviates from a cylinder (i.e. packing factor deviating from unity) contributes to the spontaneous curvature of the monolayer.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane mechanical properties of synthetic asymmetric phospholipid vesicles

Doak

Schertzer

et al. 2016

Soft Matter

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Synthetic lipid vesicles have served as important model systems to study cellular membrane biology. Research has shown that the mechanical properties of bilayer membranes significantly affects their biological behavior. The properties of a lipid bilayer are governed by lipid acyl chain length, headgroup type, and the presence of membrane proteins. However, few studies have explored how membrane architecture, in particular trans-bilayer lipid asymmetry, influences membrane mechanical properties. In this study, we investigated the effects of lipid bilayer architecture (i.e. asymmetry) on the mechanical properties of biological membranes. This was achieved using a customized micropipette aspiration system and a novel microfluidic technique previously developed by our team for building asymmetric phospholipid vesicles with tailored bilayer architecture. We found that the bending modulus and area expansion modulus of the synthetic asymmetric bilayers were up to 50% larger than the values acquired for symmetric bilayers. This was caused by the dissimilar lipid distribution in each leaflet of the bilayer for the asymmetric membrane. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the impact of trans-bilayer asymmetry on the area expansion modulus of synthetic bilayer membranes. Since the mechanical properties of bilayer membranes play an important role in numerous cellular processes, these results have significant implications for membrane biology studies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane mechanical properties of synthetic asymmetric phospholipid vesicles

Doak

Schertzer

et al. 2016

Soft Matter

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“…Whereas in the previous simulations GlpF was incorporated into a POPE bilayer with one saturated (C16:0) and one unsaturated (C18:1) acyl-chain, in this study we increased the lateral membrane pressure in the acyl-chain region using DOPE containing two unsaturated acyl-chains (C18:1). Although shortening and, more importantly, increasing the saturation of the acyl-chains will increase the temperature at which the lipid bilayer changes from a lamellar crystalline to the hexagonal H II phase (46), both DOPE and POPE exert a negative curvature when incorporated into a lipid bilayer system (the spontaneous curvature (J 0 m ) of DOPE and POPE is À0.399 and À0.316, respectively) (47), and thus will increase the lateral pressure in the acyl-chain region. Therefore, the different lipids used here and in the simulations cannot explain the discrepancy between the simulation and experimental results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anionic Lipids Modulate the Activity of the Aquaglyceroporin GlpF

Klein

Hellmann

Schneider

2015

Biophysical Journal

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The structure and composition of a biological membrane can severely influence the activity of membrane-embedded proteins. Here, we show that the E. coli aquaglyceroporin GlpF has only little activity in lipid bilayers formed from native E. coli lipids. Thus, at first glance, GlpF appears to not be optimized for its natural membrane environment. In fact, we found that GlpF activity was severely affected by negatively charged lipids regardless of the exact chemical nature of the lipid headgroup, whereas GlpF was not sensitive to changes in the lateral membrane pressure. These observations illustrate a potential mechanism by which the activity of an α-helical membrane protein is modulated by the negative charge density around the protein.

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“…This mechanism explains why lipids such as cholesterol have an ordering effect on the other lipids present in biological membranes [58]. The radius of spontaneous curvature of cholesterol is tightly negative (R 0 ¼ 220 Å ) [56] and hence in a bilayer arrangement, frustration of the spontaneous curvature of cholesterol is one mechanism through which membrane order might be controlled. This suggests that other lipids with negative spontaneous curvature will also increase membrane order when their curvature is frustrated, as a recent in vivo study that replaces cholesterol with PE indicates [59].…”

Section: A Mechanism For Phospholipid Homeostasis: Curvature Elasticmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mammalian phospholipid homeostasis: evidence that membrane curvature elastic stress drives homeoviscous adaptation in vivo

Dymond

2016

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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Several theories of phospholipid homeostasis have postulated that cells regulate the molecular composition of their bilayer membranes, such that a common biophysical membrane parameter is under homeostatic control. Two commonly cited theories are the intrinsic curvature hypothesis, which states that cells control membrane curvature elastic stress, and the theory of homeoviscous adaptation, which postulates cells control acyl chain packing order (membrane order). In this paper, we present evidence from datadriven modelling studies that these two theories correlate in vivo. We estimate the curvature elastic stress of mammalian cells to be 4-7 Â 10 212 N, a value high enough to suggest that in mammalian cells the preservation of membrane order arises through a mechanism where membrane curvature elastic stress is controlled. These results emerge from analysing the molecular contribution of individual phospholipids to both membrane order and curvature elastic stress in nearly 500 cellular compositionally diverse lipidomes. Our model suggests that the de novo synthesis of lipids is the dominant mechanism by which cells control curvature elastic stress and hence membrane order in vivo. These results also suggest that cells can increase membrane curvature elastic stress disproportionately to membrane order by incorporating polyunsaturated fatty acids into lipids.

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Monolayer spontaneous curvature of raft-forming membrane lipids

Cited by 245 publications

References 74 publications

Membrane mechanical properties of synthetic asymmetric phospholipid vesicles

Membrane mechanical properties of synthetic asymmetric phospholipid vesicles

Anionic Lipids Modulate the Activity of the Aquaglyceroporin GlpF

Mammalian phospholipid homeostasis: evidence that membrane curvature elastic stress drives homeoviscous adaptation in vivo

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