Monoterpene emissions and carbonyl compound air concentrations during the blooming period of rape (Brassica napus)

Müller, Konrad; Pelzing, Matthias; Gnauk, T.; Kappe, Anett; Teichmann, Ulrich; Spindler, Gerald; Haferkorn, S.; Jahn, Yvonne; Herrmann, Hartmut

doi:10.1016/s0045-6535(02)00610-0

Cited by 39 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Here the high concentrations of carbonyls were observed before OH radical and ozone reached their maxima. These characteristics were similar to the report of Müller et al (2002). During this campaign, samples were collected in hot summer in south China with occasional rain showers.…”

Section: Carbonylssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…During this campaign, samples were collected in hot summer in south China with occasional rain showers. However, Müller et al (2002). e Feng et al (2004).…”

Section: Carbonylsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An ozone denuder (a copper tube coil of 1.2 m×0.5 mm i.d., inside coated with KI) was connected to the front of the cartridge to avoid degradation of the 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazones (Christensen et al 2000;Müller et al 2002). Each cartridge was sealed immediately after sampling, and then stored at 4°C.…”

Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics of atmospheric carbonyls and VOCs in Forest Park in South China

Wen

Lü

et al. 2007

Environ Monit Assess

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The diurnal variation of atmospheric carbonyls and VOCs in a forest in south China were studied in summer 2004. Twenty kinds of carbonyls and eight kinds of VOCs were identified and quantified. Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were the two most abundant carbonyls, while the most abundant VOCs were isoprene, followed by o-xylene. Most C(3)-C(10) carbonyls had higher concentrations from 09:00 to 15:00, and their levels were lower during night-time and often reached the lowest in early morning. Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, however, showed two high levels in their diurnal patterns partly due to their different sources and sinks. The VOCs had different diurnal patterns compared to most carbonyls. The highest concentrations were observed from 03:00 to 06:00 for 1-butene, from 06:00 to 12:00 for isoprene, and from 12:00 to 15:00 for alpha-pinene. The highest levels for aromatic hydrocarbons occurred during midnight and the lowest in late afternoon. According to the study, emissions from vegetation and photo-oxidation of gas-phase hydrocarbons were the main sources for some carbonyls and VOCs in this region. Other compounds, such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and BTEX, showed anthropogenic sources.

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Section: Carbonylssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…During this campaign, samples were collected in hot summer in south China with occasional rain showers. However, Müller et al (2002). e Feng et al (2004).…”

Section: Carbonylsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics of atmospheric carbonyls and VOCs in Forest Park in South China

Wen

Lü

et al. 2007

Environ Monit Assess

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“…It has been indicated that monoterpene oxidation products drive the growth of freshly nucleated particles in boreal forest areas Laaksonen et al, 2008). VOCs are also abundant in Central Europe (Müller et al, 2002;Alves et al, 2006), and it is likely that their low-volatile oxidation products contribute to particle growth (Wehner et al, 2005). The question whether VOC concentrations have increased over our observation period at Melpitz cannot be answered with certainty.…”

Section: Particle Growth Ratesmentioning

confidence: 90%

Changes in the production rate of secondary aerosol particles in Central Europe in view of decreasing SO<sub>2</sub> emissions between 1996 and 2006

et al. 2010

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Abstract. In anthropogenically influenced atmospheres, sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ) is the main precursor of gaseous sulphuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ), which in turn is a main precursor for atmospheric particle nucleation. As a result of socio-economic changes, East Germany has seen a dramatic decrease in anthropogenic SO 2 emissions between 1989 and present, as documented by routine air quality measurements in many locations. We have attempted to evaluate the influence of changing SO 2 concentrations on the frequency and intensity of new particle formation (NPF) using two different data sets (1996-1997; 2003-2006) of experimental particle number size distributions (diameter range 3-750 nm) from the atmospheric research station Melpitz near Leipzig, Germany. Between the two periods SO 2 concentrations decreased by 65% on average, while the frequency of NPF events dropped by 45%. Meanwhile, the average formation rate of 3 nm particles decreased by 68% on average. The trends were statistically significant and therefore suggest a connection between the availability of anthropogenic SO 2 and freshly formed new particles. In contrast to the decrease in new particle formation, we found an increase in the mean growth rate of freshly nucleated particles (+22%), suggesting that particle nucleation and subsequent growth into larger sizes are delineated with respect to their precursor species. Using three basic parameters, the condensation sink for H 2 SO 4 , Correspondence to: A. Hamed (amar.hamed@uef.fi) the SO 2 concentration, and the global radiation intensity, we were able to define the characteristic range of atmospheric conditions under which particle formation events take place at the Melpitz site. While the decrease in the concentrations and formation rates of the new particles was rather evident, no similar decrease was found with respect to the generation of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN; particle diameter >100 nm) as a result of atmospheric nucleation events. On the contrary, the production of CCN following nucleation events appears to have increased by tens of percents. Our aerosol dynamics model simulations suggest that such an increase can be caused by the increased particle growth rate.

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“…Hexanal is prevalent in the atmosphere and has both primary sources, such as vegetation and the cracking of petroleum, as well as secondary sources such as the oxidation of longer chain organics (Kesselmeier and Staudt, 1999;Kawamura et al, 2000;Tadic et al, 2001;Muller et al, 2002). The relatively high vapor pressure of hexanal, 0.01 atm, suggests that it should not partition into the particle phase to any significant extent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acid-catalyzed reactions of hexanal on sulfuric acid particles: Identification of reaction products

Garland

Elrod

Kincaid

et al. 2006

Atmospheric Environment

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While it is well established that organics compose a large fraction of the atmospheric aerosol mass, the mechanisms through which organics are incorporated into atmospheric aerosols are not well understood. Acid-catalyzed reactions of compounds with carbonyl groups have recently been suggested as important pathways for transfer of volatile organics into acidic aerosols. In the present study, we use the aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) to probe the uptake of gasphase hexanal into ammonium sulfate and sulfuric acid aerosols. While both deliquesced and dry non-acidic ammonium sulfate aerosols showed no organic uptake, the acidic aerosols took up substantial amounts of organic material when exposed to hexanal vapor. Further, we used 1 H-NMR, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and GC-MS to identify the products of the acid-catalyzed reaction of hexanal in acidic aerosols. Both aldol condensation and hemiacetal products were identified, with the dominant reaction products dependent upon the initial acid concentration of the aerosol. The aldol condensation product was formed only at initial concentrations of 75-96 wt% sulfuric acid in water. The hemiacetal was produced at all sulfuric acid concentrations studied, 30-96 wt% sulfuric acid in water. Aerosols up to 88.4 wt% organic/11.1 wt% H 2 SO 4 /0.5 wt% water were produced via these two dimerization reaction pathways. The UV-VIS spectrum of the isolated aldol condensation product, 2-butyl 2-octenal, extends into the visible region, suggesting these reactions may impact aerosol optical properties as well as aerosol composition. In contrast to previous suggestions, no polymerization of hexanal or its products was observed at any sulfuric acid concentration studied, from 30 to 96 wt% in water. r

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Monoterpene emissions and carbonyl compound air concentrations during the blooming period of rape (Brassica napus)

Cited by 39 publications

References 22 publications

Characteristics of atmospheric carbonyls and VOCs in Forest Park in South China

Characteristics of atmospheric carbonyls and VOCs in Forest Park in South China

Changes in the production rate of secondary aerosol particles in Central Europe in view of decreasing SO<sub>2</sub> emissions between 1996 and 2006

Acid-catalyzed reactions of hexanal on sulfuric acid particles: Identification of reaction products

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Monoterpene emissions and carbonyl compound air concentrations during the blooming period of rape (Brassica napus)

Cited by 39 publications

References 22 publications

Characteristics of atmospheric carbonyls and VOCs in Forest Park in South China

Characteristics of atmospheric carbonyls and VOCs in Forest Park in South China

Changes in the production rate of secondary aerosol particles in Central Europe in view of decreasing SO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; emissions between 1996 and 2006

Acid-catalyzed reactions of hexanal on sulfuric acid particles: Identification of reaction products

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Changes in the production rate of secondary aerosol particles in Central Europe in view of decreasing SO<sub>2</sub> emissions between 1996 and 2006