Monsoon controls on sediment generation and transport: Mass budget and provenance constraints from the Indus River catchment, delta and submarine fan over tectonic and multimillennial timescales

Clift, Peter D.; Jonell, Tara N.

doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2021.103682

Cited by 58 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 224 publications

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“…These processes interact across million-year timescales, making their separation more complicated than over interglacial-glacial timescales [71]. During the Northern Hemisphere's summer, the monsoon delivers rain far inland throughout SW Asia (May-October).…”

Section: Volumes Of Sediment Eroded Within the Upper Indusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Precipitation in the western Himalaya is 60-80% monsoonal, with 4-6 rainstorms providing 40% of July precipitation and dominating the river sediment movement [73,74]. Summer monsoon precipitation varies throughout the Indus watershed, from 507 mm (76%) in Chandigarh to 385 mm (64%) in Islamabad and 178 mm (82%) in Karachi [71,75]. As a result, the Indus system may experience greater changes in erosion and transport due to monsoon variability.…”

Section: Volumes Of Sediment Eroded Within the Upper Indusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite its 140 km width from the present coast to the shelf edge, the shelf only covers 46,000 km 2 [69,76]. After the tidal backwater point, the delta plain extends 12,000 km downstream, with 43,000 km 2 of advancing plains to the north, mainly in Sindh, Pakistan [71,77]. The Thar Desert presently spans 140,000 km 2 .…”

Section: Volumes Of Sediment Eroded Within the Upper Indusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Erosion and sediment transport rates increase with chemical weathering due to the climate change. Since the LGM, the sediments have been stored within the delta plain and submarine fan/shelf clinoforms system [71]. Thus, high monsoon influence reflects the high supply rate of sediments.…”

Section: Source To Sink Transport Of Sedimentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the upper Indus basins are in general within a dry source area during the strong monsoon time [106]. The possible anthropogenic activity disruption has resulted in unusual zircon concentrations at the Indus delta [71].…”

Section: Source To Sink Transport Of Sedimentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural Processes and Anthropogenic Activity in the Indus River Sedimentary Environment in Pakistan: A Critical Review

Khan

Janjuhah

Kontakiotis

et al. 2021

JMSE

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The Indus River is Asia’s longest river, having its origin in the Tibet Mountain northwest of Pakistan. Routed from northern Gilgit and flowing to the plains, the river passes through several provinces and is connected by numerous small and large tributaries. The river was formed tectonically due to the collusion of the Indian and Eurasian plates, which is referred to as the Indus suture Plains zone (ISPZ). The geological setting of the study area is mainly composed of igneous and metamorphic rocks. The river passed through a variety of climatic zones and areas, although the predominant climate is subtropic arid and sub arid to subequatorial. Locally and globally, anthropogenic activities such as building, dams, and water canals for irrigation purposes, mining exploration, and industries and factories all affected the physical and chemical behaviors of the sediments in various rivers. The main effect of human activities is the reworking of weathered soil smectite, a chemical weathering indicator that rises in the offshore record about 5000 years ago. This material indicates increased transport of stronger chemically weathered material, which may result from agriculture-induced erosion of older soil. However, we also see evidence for the incision of large rivers into the floodplain, which is also driving the reworking of this type of material, so the signal may be a combination of the two. Sediments undergo significant changes in form and size due to clashing with one another in the high-charge river.

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Section: Volumes Of Sediment Eroded Within the Upper Indusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Volumes Of Sediment Eroded Within the Upper Indusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Volumes Of Sediment Eroded Within the Upper Indusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Source To Sink Transport Of Sedimentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Source To Sink Transport Of Sedimentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Natural Processes and Anthropogenic Activity in the Indus River Sedimentary Environment in Pakistan: A Critical Review

Khan

Janjuhah

Kontakiotis

et al. 2021

JMSE

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Identifying the Footprints of Meteorological, Tectonic, and Anthropogenic Parameters on Sediment Transport in the Indus River System

Kumar,

Rai,

Dubey

2023

Weathering and Erosion Processes in the Natural Environment

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Strontium isotope stratigraphy of marine Oligocene–Miocene sedimentary successions of Kutch Basin, western India

Singh,

Vadlamani,

Bajpai

et al. 2024

Geological Journal

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The Kutch Basin of western India exposes one of the most complete, fossiliferous marine Cenozoic sedimentary sequences of India. Precise depositional ages of these sequences are of great importance in the reconstruction of palaeoclimatic and palaeobiogeographic histories of the basin. Due to the poorly constrained foraminiferal biostratigraphic ages, we conducted high‐resolution 87Sr/86Sr chronology of the various fossiliferous, stratigraphically continuous units of Oligocene–Miocene strata in Kutch Basin. Besides updating the previously determined 87Sr/86Sr chronology, we report new numerical depositional ages for Oligocene–Miocene formations and members, and correlated these ages to the existing biostratigraphic schemes. The new 87Sr/86Sr data indicates a depositional age range between 28.64 + 0.29/‐1.11 and 23.51 + 1.53/‐1.85 Ma (Rupelian‐Chattian) for the Maniyara Fort Formation, between 23.07 + 0.94/1.39 and 18.09 + 0.24/‐0.57 Ma (Chattian‐Burdigalian) for the Khari Nadi Formation, and between 15.11 + 0.56/‐2.87 and 12.29 + 1.22/‐1.9 Ma (Langhian‐Serravallian) for the Chhasra Formation. The sedimentation rate, determined through numerical ages derived from 87Sr/86Sr, indicates an increase in sedimentation for the Khari Nadi (0.23 ± 0.04 cm/kyr) and Chhasra (0.12 ± 0.04 cm/kyr) formations, likely related to uplift of the Himalaya‐Tibetan plateau and intensification of the Indian Summer Monsoon. The bulk sediment element ratios (V/Ni, Ni/Co and V/Cr) indicate oxic to suboxic palaeo‐redox conditions during deposition of the Oligocene–Miocene successions of the basin. Based on new and updated 87Sr/86Sr chronology, the depositional environments and sedimentation rates of the Kutch sequence are correlated with changes in sea‐level, sedimentation rates in the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal, and the global climate changes across the Oligocene–Miocene boundary.

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Monsoon controls on sediment generation and transport: Mass budget and provenance constraints from the Indus River catchment, delta and submarine fan over tectonic and multimillennial timescales

Cited by 58 publications

References 224 publications

Natural Processes and Anthropogenic Activity in the Indus River Sedimentary Environment in Pakistan: A Critical Review

Natural Processes and Anthropogenic Activity in the Indus River Sedimentary Environment in Pakistan: A Critical Review

Identifying the Footprints of Meteorological, Tectonic, and Anthropogenic Parameters on Sediment Transport in the Indus River System

Strontium isotope stratigraphy of marine Oligocene–Miocene sedimentary successions of Kutch Basin, western India

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