Monte Carlo simulation of liquid water in a magnetic field

Abstract

A Monte Carlo simulation of liquid water was carried out in order to study the influence of an external magnetic field on the internal energy and heat capacity of pure water. Analysis of the structure of water was made by calculating the radial distribution function of water molecules. A multipeak function of the magnetic effect versus magnetic flux density was found. A significant change in the internal energy and heat capacity occurred at a magnetic flux density of about 0.2 T. In particular, when the magnetic flux density increases, the second peak of the water–water radial distribution function increases markedly. This has been demonstrated by calculations for both 64- and 125-molecule systems.

An Overview on Magnetic Field and Electric Field Interactions with Ice Crystallisation; Application in the Case of Frozen Food

“…Former studies revealed that specific properties of water such as surface tension force and viscosity, optical property (changes in optical feature of water including infrared, Raman, visible, ultraviolet lights and X-ray spectra), electromagnetic property (refractive index, dielectric constant and electrical conductivity), thermodynamic property (enthalpy of vaporization), dynamic property (self-diffusion coefficient) and molecular structure of water (hydrogen bond structure) change upon the application of MFs [16,17,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30].…”

“…For instance, vaporization enthalpy of non-magnetized water was 50.86 ± 0.46 kJ mol −1 and its value increased to 68.86 ± 0.49 kJ mol −1 on exposure to MF with strength 45-65 mT for 3 h [23]. Simulation techniques, such as Monte Carlo (MC) and Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation techniques have been used to examine the changes induced at a molecular level in liquid water by the application of MFs [23,26,27]. The observations by these groups were dissimilar.…”

“…The observations by these groups were dissimilar. For instance, Zhou et al [27] performed a MC simulation at 300 K to study the effects of MF (B = 0, 0.05, 0.10 and 0.20 T) on water (the number of water molecules used for simulation, N = 64 and 125). They found that the MF of 0.05 T had no significant effect on hydrogen bond structure of water, whereas MF of 0.1-0.2 T increased the mean distance between the water molecules.…”

Effects of Magnetic Water Irrigation on the Growth, N Uptake and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities of Cotton Seedlings

“…Comparatively, small-sized magnetic-treated water clusters strongly facilitate water permeability and the downward movement of salt ions [9,12]. As a result, soil salt ions, such as Cl -, Na + and HCO 3-, are significantly leached from the cultivation layer by magnetic-water irrigation [8].…”

“…As water molecules (polymers) passing through a given intensity of a magnetic field, the large aggregate water cluster becomes into smaller particles, making both water and nutrients more accessible to plants [9][10][11].…”