The light output and reliability testing of the GaN-based blue light-emitting diode (LED) packaging have been carried out with TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) doped into silicone encapsulation. The LED samples including pure silicone and silicone with various doping concentrations of TiO2 NPs were fabricated and analyzed. The average refractive index of silicone doped with TiO2 NPs with an average diameter of 21 nm was increased while the light extraction efficiency of GaN-based blue LEDs was also enhanced. Moreover, doping the silicone encapsulation with 0.0002 wt % TiO2 NPs could increase the light extraction efficiency by 4.1%. By analyzing the optical-thermal properties, reliability testing, and refractive index of silicone encapsulation, we also demonstrated that doping silicone encapsulation with TiO2 NPs not only enhanced the light extraction efficiency but also improved the reliability of LEDs compared with that of LEDs without TiO2 NP doping. It was considered that the increase in the average refractive index and light scattering reduced the internal reflection loss at the silicone encapsulation between air interfaces, thereby significantly reducing the heat accumulation in LED packaging.