Monthly and seasonal variations in the surface carbonate system and air–sea CO2 flux of the Yellow Sea

Ko, Young Ho; Seok, Min-Woo; Jeong, Jin-Yong; Noh, Jae-Hoon; Jeong, Jongmin; Mo, Ahra; Kim, Tae-Wook

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113822

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The reason for the SYS becoming an atmospheric CO 2 sink in winter was related to low SST and high wind speeds. Lower SST increased the solubility of CO 2 in seawater, facilitating its uptake of atmospheric CO 2 , while higher wind speeds strengthened the role of SYS as a sink for atmospheric CO 2 (Ko et al., 2022; Qu et al., 2017). In addition, horizontal advection could carry DIC out of the SYS, making it a net sink for atmospheric CO 2 , with an influx of 8.00 ± 2.19 mmol m −2 d −1 based on the physical‐ecological modeling (Luo et al., 2015), which was comparable to our results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Riverine Influences and Seasonal Dynamics: Exploring Carbonate System Variations and Air‐Sea CO₂ Fluxes in the Southern Yellow Sea and East China Sea

Li,

Gong,

Liu

et al. 2024

JGR Oceans

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In this work, the seasonal variations of the carbonate system and air‐sea CO2 fluxes were investigated by two cruises in the southern Yellow Sea (SYS) and the East China Sea (ECS), which were significantly influenced by the Changjiang riverine inputs across seasons. Biological‐mediated change of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) was first quantitated through a three end‐member mixing model from winter to spring. Our modeling results suggested that DIC addition through biological remineralization persisted in the SYS during winter and spring, while DIC removal was evident in the Changjiang River Plume and the offshore ECS triggered by river inputs in spring. Horizontal and vertical mixing together constituted the largest contribution to the interseasonal variability of partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) in the SYS (−69.5%), the river plume (−59.3%), and the ECS offshore (−43.8%), followed by temperature effects in the plume area (29.4%), and biological processes in the ECS offshore (24.1%) and the SYS (−7.7%), with air‐sea CO2 exchange contributing the least in both three subregions. The SYS, the river plume, and the ECS offshore all acted as atmospheric CO2 sinks in both winter and spring. Furthermore, their ability to absorb atmospheric CO2 increased from winter to spring, as reflected in a ∼1.8‐fold increase in the overall spring air‐sea CO2 flux compared to winter estimation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Riverine Influences and Seasonal Dynamics: Exploring Carbonate System Variations and Air‐Sea CO₂ Fluxes in the Southern Yellow Sea and East China Sea

Li,

Gong,

Liu

et al. 2024

JGR Oceans

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“…The Yellow Sea overall is a sink of atmospheric CO 2 at an influx of 356-2740 μmol m -2 d -1 (Choi et al, 2019;Wang and Zhai, 2021;Ko et al, 2022). The estimated photoproduction rate of CO 2 is 6-51 times this influx, suggesting that the influx of CO 2 in areas downstream of floating U. prolifera mats may be reduced or even the sign of the CO 2 flux may be reversed.…”

Section: Potential Contributions To the Cycles Of Co 2 Co And Ch 4 I...mentioning

confidence: 99%

High photoreactivity of chromophoric dissolved organic matter derived from Ulva prolifera and Sargassum

Zhang,

Fang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Front. Mar. Sci.

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The epipelagic macroalgae of Ulva prolifera and Sargassum are the primary contributors to widespread seaweed tides globally. Both ocean plants release large amounts of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) into the surrounding seawater. The photochemical reactivity of this CDOM, however, has not been adequately addressed. In this study, we extracted CDOM from Ulva prolifera and Sargassum, examined their ultraviolet (UV)-visible absorption characteristics, and quantified their broadband apparent quantum yields (AQY) of absorbance photobleaching and photomineralization (in terms of CO2, CO, and CH4 photoproduction). On a per-unit-weight basis, Sargassum leached 3.5 times more CDOM than did Ulva prolifera in terms of the absorption coefficient averaged over 254–500 nm. Both Ulva prolifera and Sargassum CDOM were characterized by quasi-exponential decay absorption spectra, with Sargassum CDOM exhibiting a distinct shoulder over 310–350 nm suggestive of mycosporine amino acids. The Sargassum CDOM had a higher photobleaching AQY but lower photomineralization AQYs compared to Ulva prolifera CDOM. The photobleaching and photomineralization AQYs of both macroalgal CDOM are, however, orders of magnitude higher than those of CDOM in various natural waters. Potential photoproduction rates of CO2 and CO from the Ulva prolifera CDOM and Sargassum CDOM during the bloom periods are several times to orders of magnitude higher than the air-sea fluxes of these gases in the absence of the macroalgae. This study demonstrates that CDOM released by Ulva prolifera and Sargassum is extremely prone to photobleaching and photomineralization, rendering floating mats of these plants in oceans as potential “hotspots” of greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere. This photochemical feedback should be considered when assessing ocean afforestation as a CO2 removal approach to mitigate climate warming.

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“…Examples of this are represented by measurements carried out in regions such as the coastal areas, where pCO 2 variability is highly uncertain because of the complexity of physical and biogeochemical processes (e.g., tidal mixing or riverine inputs) [42]. Measurement of pCO 2 carried out in regions such as the coastal areas can present additional challenges, given that these areas highly dynamic.…”

Section: Metrological Case Studies For Ocean Carbon Cycle 41 Partial ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Essential Ocean Variables for Marine Environment Monitoring: Metrological Case Studies

Rolle,

Pennecchi,

Durbiano

et al. 2023

JMSE

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Monitoring the state of oceans and their evolution in space and time is of fundamental importance as they are severely impacted by climate change, showing an increase in temperature, acidity and stratification. The role of metrology in the marine sector is relevant for helping oceanographers consolidate measurement approaches already in place by introducing concepts like metrological traceability and measurement uncertainty. The aim of this paper is to present some examples of successful and potential applications of metrology in oceanographic research, with a focus on past and ongoing activities in the framework of joint research cooperation, which could be applied by oceanographers to consolidate the comparability of data acquired in different experimental conditions, and places and time for some essential ocean variables. Scientific cooperation in the framework of joint research projects is particularly useful for supporting measurement capabilities in marine research worldwide, and the technologies and methods developed so far represent a starting point for improvements in international monitoring networks. These techniques may be applied by laboratories and centres working in the marine sector. Applications and possible future developments will also be discussed in this paper.

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Monthly and seasonal variations in the surface carbonate system and air–sea CO2 flux of the Yellow Sea

Cited by 10 publications

References 32 publications

Riverine Influences and Seasonal Dynamics: Exploring Carbonate System Variations and Air‐Sea CO₂ Fluxes in the Southern Yellow Sea and East China Sea

Riverine Influences and Seasonal Dynamics: Exploring Carbonate System Variations and Air‐Sea CO₂ Fluxes in the Southern Yellow Sea and East China Sea

High photoreactivity of chromophoric dissolved organic matter derived from Ulva prolifera and Sargassum

Essential Ocean Variables for Marine Environment Monitoring: Metrological Case Studies

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Monthly and seasonal variations in the surface carbonate system and air–sea CO2 flux of the Yellow Sea

Cited by 10 publications

References 32 publications

Riverine Influences and Seasonal Dynamics: Exploring Carbonate System Variations and Air‐Sea CO2 Fluxes in the Southern Yellow Sea and East China Sea

Riverine Influences and Seasonal Dynamics: Exploring Carbonate System Variations and Air‐Sea CO2 Fluxes in the Southern Yellow Sea and East China Sea

High photoreactivity of chromophoric dissolved organic matter derived from Ulva prolifera and Sargassum

Essential Ocean Variables for Marine Environment Monitoring: Metrological Case Studies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Riverine Influences and Seasonal Dynamics: Exploring Carbonate System Variations and Air‐Sea CO₂ Fluxes in the Southern Yellow Sea and East China Sea

Riverine Influences and Seasonal Dynamics: Exploring Carbonate System Variations and Air‐Sea CO₂ Fluxes in the Southern Yellow Sea and East China Sea