Montmorillonite clay-based heterogenous catalyst for the synthesis of nitrogen heterocycle organic moieties: a review

Clay based heterogeneous catalysts for carbon–nitrogen bond formation: a review

“…81 In our research group, Chellapandi in 2021 detailly discussed the montmorillonite clay-based catalyst used for the synthesis of various Nheterocycles, such as ve and six-member heterocycles. 82 Organic transformations are mimics of the natural products. It involves the construction of target molecules from small entities.…”

Montmorillonite-catalysed coupling reactions: a green overview

“…Within the field of heterogeneous catalysis, montmorillonite clays stand out as one of the extensively studied catalytic materials due to their recyclability, abundant availability, cost-effectiveness and eco-friendly nature. 22 Montmorillonite is a smectite clay mineral with an aluminosilicate layered composition. It exhibits distinctive properties, such as the ability to incorporate various metal nanoparticles 23 and complexes, 24 ion-exchange property, 25 to function as solid acid catalysts 26 and often to allow easy isolation procedures and reusability 27 with excellent activity.…”

Ionic liquid containing high-density polyethylene supported tungstate: a novel, efficient, and highly recoverable catalyst

“…To improve the activity and recoverability of homogeneous catalysts, a wide variety of solid materials have been developed as support ( Franco et al, 2020 ; Saito and Kobayashi, 2020 ; Das et al, 2021 ). Some attractive supports that have been used for the heterogenization of the catalysts are molecular sieves ( Rimaz et al, 2022 ; Gao et al, 2023 ), magnetic nanoparticles ( Xie and Wang, 2021 ; Xie and Li, 2023 ), montmorillonite ( Chellapandi and Madhumitha, 2022 ; Liu et al, 2023 ), commercial silica ( Peron et al, 2021 ; Chandrashekhar et al, 2022 ), two-dimensional manganese dioxide (MnO 2 ) ( Das et al, 2020 ), and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) ( Goetjen et al, 2020 ; Lin et al, 2022 ). In particular, polymeric materials have drawn a lot of interest as potential catalytic support due to their high stability, easy synthesis and functionalization, and strong corrosion resistance ( Gokmen and Du Prez, 2012 ; Shi et al, 2013 ; Aziz and Islam, 2018 ; Jiang et al, 2021 ; Jiang et al, 2022 ).…”