Montmorillonite-thermoset nanocomposites via cryo-compounding

Koerner, Hilmar; Misra, Devesh; Tan, Ashley; Drummy, Lawrence F.; Mirau, Peter A.; Vaia, Richard A.

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2006.03.057

Cited by 67 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…17,18 Organically modified clays act as excellent nano-reinforcement for epoxy matrix. [19][20][21][22][23] The nature of organic surfactant on processing and performance of epoxy/clay nanocomposites was widely discussed in recent reports. [24][25][26] In general, different parameters such as interface, cure rate, cure temperature and dispersion method, which determine the performance of epoxy/ clay nanocomposites, were studied by many researchers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of clay modifier on cure characteristics and properties of epoxy/clay/carboxyl-terminated poly(butadiene-co-acrylonitrile) (CTBN) hybrid

Puglia

P³

et al. 2016

Materials Technology

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Epoxy/clay/carboxyl-terminated poly(butadiene-co-acrylonitrile) (CTBN) hybrids were prepared with two different organically modified clays. Octadecyl amine and trimethyl stearyl ammonium-modified nanoclays (Nanomer I.30E and I.28E, respectively) were used. The dispersion of the nanoclay in binary epoxy/clay and epoxy/clay/CTBN hybrid nanocomposites was investigated using scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy, and the observed morphological details were explained by the prediction of solubility parameter for each component in the nanocomposites. The effect of clay modifier on cure characteristics of binary epoxy/clay and epoxy/clay/CTBN hybrid nanocomposites was studied using rheological analysis. Glass transition temperatures (T g ) and thermal stability of binary and hybrid nanocomposites were also measured. The reduced cross-link density via epoxy homopolymerization, the plasticizing effect of clay modifier/dissolved liquid rubber and the interfacial adhesion between the polymer and the clay platelets were found to affect the Tg of epoxy/clay/CTBN hybrid. In epoxy/clay/ CTBN hybrid, the thermal stability was mainly attributed to the presence of CTBN which hide the effect of clay modifiers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of clay modifier on cure characteristics and properties of epoxy/clay/carboxyl-terminated poly(butadiene-co-acrylonitrile) (CTBN) hybrid

Puglia

P³

et al. 2016

Materials Technology

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“…Approximately 12 ℃ dwindle of Tg in case of silica-filled epoxy composites compared to unfilled gum compound was reported by Preghenella et al [31]. Koerner et al have also shown a decrease of Tg with increased amount clay mineral dispersion in the case of clay-epoxy nanocomposites [32] which has been attributed to two competitive effects such as rigid phase reinforcement, and destruction and plasticization of the network structure.…”

Section: Dynamic Mechanical Analysismentioning

confidence: 74%

Effect of Aluminium Hydroxide on Thermal, Dynamic Mechanical and Dielectric Properties of Hexafluoropropylene-vinylidinefluoride Elastomeric Composites

Nair¹,

Vijayan²,

Ayswarya³

et al. 2017

JAN

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Abstract. Aluminium hydroxide (ATH) particles were incorporated at different loadings into fluorocarbon rubber (FKM), to study the effect of filler loading on the cure characteristics, mechanical properties, dynamic mechanical properties and thermal stability. The mechanical properties of FKM/ATH composites were better than medium thermal black filled vulcanizates. The storage modulus (E') of the composites was found to increase due to the enhancement in stiffness. The viscoelastic properties revealed that there is a strong interaction between the polymer and the filler. The dielectric permittivity, AC conductivity and absorption coefficient of the highly ATH loaded systems are much greater than the unfilled and lower systems.

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“…The network arises from a crosslink structure that is formed during the curing process through the chemical reaction between epoxide groups and hardener molecules. In the DSC plot, a step in the endothermal curve indicates the glass transition (T g ) of the epoxy resin, which is relevant to the α-mode relaxation [14]. Here, two transitions (represented by T g1 and T g2 ) can be observed in each specimen.…”

Section: Structural Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of mechanical relaxation on ultra-fast charge pulses in flexible epoxy resin nanocomposites

Montanari

Fabiani

et al. 2012

Appl. Phys. A

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Previously we have reported the existence of small-amplitude charge pulses in crosslinked Polyethylene (XLPE) and epoxy resin with a mobility several orders of magnitude higher than that found for the incoherent charge transport relevant to the steady state current. Here the relationship of this phenomenon to mechanical relaxation in the material is investigated by using a series of epoxy resin nanocomposites based on a resin that has its flexibility increased above that of the fully cured glassy epoxy network by the addition of a suitable flexibilizing chemical. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) measurements show that the stiffness of the nanocomposite is progressively increased as the nanoparticle concentration increases. Pulsed Electro-Acoustic (PEA) measurements reveal that both positive and negative fast charge pulses exist in the unfilled epoxy at 45 and 70°C under a field of 10 kV/mm with mobility 5 × 10 −10 to 9 × 10 −10 m 2 V −1 s −1 , amplitude between 2 × 10 −5 and 3.6 × 10 −5 C m −2 and repetition rates between 8 and 12 s −1 . These values are reduced progressively as the nanoparticle concentration is increased from 0% in the unfilled epoxy. A β-mode mechanical relaxation is identified in the loss modulus by Dynamical Mechanical Analysis (DMA), whose activation energy moves to higher values with increasing nanoparticle concentration. It is shown that the repetition rates of both positive and negative pulses have similar values and are correlated with the β-mode activation energy; a similar correlation is found for the activation energy of the mobility of positive pulses. The correlation of the activation energy of the mobility of negative pulses and that of the β-mode is weaker although both show a progressive increase with nanoparticle concentration. The modification of the fast charge pulse properties by the mechanical stiffness of the epoxy nanocomposite is discussed in terms of the theory presented previously for their formation and transport.

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Montmorillonite-thermoset nanocomposites via cryo-compounding

Cited by 67 publications

References 42 publications

The role of clay modifier on cure characteristics and properties of epoxy/clay/carboxyl-terminated poly(butadiene-co-acrylonitrile) (CTBN) hybrid

The role of clay modifier on cure characteristics and properties of epoxy/clay/carboxyl-terminated poly(butadiene-co-acrylonitrile) (CTBN) hybrid

Effect of Aluminium Hydroxide on Thermal, Dynamic Mechanical and Dielectric Properties of Hexafluoropropylene-vinylidinefluoride Elastomeric Composites

The effect of mechanical relaxation on ultra-fast charge pulses in flexible epoxy resin nanocomposites

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