Mood and Anxiety Disorders

Hassiotis, Angela; Stueber, Kerstin; Thomas, Bini; Charlot, Lauren R.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-8250-5_11

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…As recently as 30 years ago, PWIDs were thought not to experience psychological distress (Matson et al , 2012), and there remains a perception that cognitive abilities prevent PWIDs from being able to engage in psychotherapy (Westerhof et al , 2016). Moreover, PWIDs tend not to self-refer (Hassiotis et al , 2014) and only tend to be referred to services when the system surrounding them believes that this would be of value. Narratives regarding established behaviours or ways of relating may impact on the likelihood of a person with IDs being referred for psychological intervention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attachment, psychological health and interpersonal functioning: a comparison of clinical and non-clinical groups of people with intellectual disability

Bateman

Flood

Pascalis

2023

AMHID

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Purpose Insecure and unresolved attachments have been linked to poorer psychological health and interpersonal functioning for people with intellectual disabilities (IDs), but research in this area is limited, especially for adults. Studies using the Adult Attachment Projective (AAP) have been restricted to clinical samples, where insecure and unresolved attachments are typically more prevalent. The purpose of this study is to compare clinical and non-clinical groups of adults with IDs on the AAP, plus measures of psychological health and interpersonal functioning, to investigate whether group differences found in the typically developing population are also present for adults with IDs. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional, between-group design was used. Adults with IDs (clinical group n = 11 and non-clinical group n = 13) completed measures of attachment, psychological distress/positive well-being and interpersonal functioning. Attachment classifications were compared in the clinical versus non-clinical groups. Measures of psychological distress, positive well-being and interpersonal functioning were compared between those with insecure-organised versus unresolved classifications. Findings No participants were classified as secure, and there were high rates of unresolved attachment. There were no differences between clinical and non-clinical groups with regards to the distribution of insecure-organised (i.e. dismissing or preoccupied) versus unresolved classifications. There were no differences between groups with regards to psychological distress, positive well-being or interpersonal functioning. The authors consider limitations in the method of group differentiation and suggest further research to better understand the development of internal working models of attachment in this population. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is one of only three to examine attachment state of mind in adults with IDs using the AAP and the first to examine differences between clinical and non-clinical groups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attachment, psychological health and interpersonal functioning: a comparison of clinical and non-clinical groups of people with intellectual disability

Bateman

Flood

Pascalis

2023

AMHID

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“…However, the limited studies have reported variable prevalence rates depending on diagnostic system used and the population under study. When anxiety symptoms occur in people with ID they are often not recognized by health professionals to be a condition that needs further assessment and treatment (Hassiotis et al, 2014). The NICE guidelines (National Institute of Clinical Excellence, 2011) from the UK provide evidence of the stepped-care approach to the assessment and treatment of anxiety disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are a number of reasons why people with ID might be vulnerable to developing anxiety disorders. This could be due people with ID having high rates of physical health problems, being more socially excluded, and being more at risk of experiencing adversity (Hassiotis et al, 2014). In the Glasgow Study, Reid et al (2011) found not having daytime employment and a recent history of life events were associated with having an anxiety disorder but that previously being a long-term hospital resident was not linked with having an anxiety disorder in adults with ID.…”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anxiety and mood disorders

Beeské¹

2014

Behavioral Genetics of the Mouse

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Anxiety disorders as defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association, 2013) "include disorders that share features of excessive fear and anxiety and related behavioral disturbance. Fear is the emotional response to real or perceived imminent threat, whereas anxiety is the anticipation of future threat." The fear or anxiety is not transient but persist, usually lasting six months or more. Within DSM-5 the chapter on anxiety disorders includes disorders that occur in childhood, namely separation anxiety disorders and selective mutism, but also specific phobias, social anxiety disorder (social phobia), panic disorder, agoraphobia, and generalized anxiety disorder. The focus of this chapter is to cover conditions that are commonly diagnosed in adult life and so come under sections F40 and F41 within the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10; World Health Organization, 1992), and include phobic anxiety disorders, panic disorders, and generalized anxiety disorder. Anxiety disorders do occur in people with ID but may be missed (Stavrakaki and Lunsky, 2007;Davis et al., 2008). Due to the limitations of DSM-5 and ICD-10 in diagnosing mental disorders in people with ID the Diagnostic Manual -Intellectual Disability (DM-ID; Fletcher et al., 2007) was developed in the USA and the Diagnostic Criteria for Psychiatric Disorders for Use with Adults with Learning Disabilities/Mental Retardation (DC-LD) was developed in the UK to compliment the ICD-10 (DC-LD; Royal College of Psychiatrists, 2001). The use of an adapted diagnostic system can increase the rates of diagnosing anxiety and other mental disorders in people with ID (Cooper et al., 2007).Anxiety disorders are estimated to occur in 2-17% people with ID (Reid et al, 2011), and it is generally accepted that rates of anxiety disorders are comparable to the wider population. The prevalence in the wider population for generalized anxiety disorder over a 12-month period is estimated to be 3.1%, and for agoraphobia 0.8% (Kessler et al., 2005), with a lifetime prevalence of 1.7% for agoraphobia in adolescents and adults (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). This compares to a point prevalence of 4% of anxiety disorders in a recent large-scale population study of people with ID in Glasgow, Scotland (Reid et al., 2011). Generalized anxiety disorder was the most common disorder at a rate of 1.7%, followed by agoraphobia at a prevalence of 0.7%. The participants in this study underwent a structured mental health assessment and the diagnosis was made Psychiatric and Behavioural Disorders in Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, ed. Colin Hemmings and Nick Bouras.

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