Morale in old age: A review of the evidence

Wenger, G. Clare

doi:10.1002/gps.930071003

Cited by 21 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Several other psychological variables have also been hypothesized as key predictive factors of perceived life quality; these include level of adaptation, self-mastery and self-ef cacy, morale and self-esteem, perceived control over life, social comparisons and expectations of life, optimism-pessimism bias, social values, beliefs, aspirations and social comparison standards (Lawton, 1996;Baltes & Baltes, 1990;Day, 1991;Wenger, 1992). It is largely unknown which of these social and psychological variables mediate, and which in uence, perceived life quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A multidimensional model of the quality of life in older age

Bowling¹,

Banister²,

Sutton³

et al. 2002

Aging & Mental Health

288

214

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The broad aim of the research presented here was to define the constituents and indicators of quality of life (QoL) in older age, in order to offer a more multidimensional and useful model of quality of life, based on the perspectives of older people themselves. This paper focuses on the extent to which self-evaluations of global QoL are influenced by health, psychological and social variables, and social circumstances. It reports the results of a national survey of the quality of life in people aged 65 and over, living at home in Britain. Multiple regression analysis with the self-evaluation of quality of life rating as the dependent variable showed that the overall model (Model 9) of QoL indicators explained 26.7% of the variance in quality of life ratings. This is sizeable given the amorphous nature of this concept. The main independent predictors of self-rated global quality of life were: social comparisons and expectations, personality and psychological characteristics (optimism-pessimism), health and functional status and personal and neighbourhood social capital. These variables explained the highest proportion of the variance between groups in their quality of life ratings. Socio-economic indicators contributed relatively little to the model.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A multidimensional model of the quality of life in older age

Bowling¹,

Banister²,

Sutton³

et al. 2002

Aging & Mental Health

288

214

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Factors other than health may contribute to psychosocial well being, and therefore it is important to identify such factors and their relative importance in relation to health (Wenger, 1992;Wenger et al, 1995). Quantitative research methods employ various measurement scales, such as the Philadelphia Geriatric Morale Scale (PGMS) (Lawton, 1975), Life Satisfaction Index (Neugarten et al, 1961), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) (Yesavage and Brink, 1983), SF-36 (Ware et al, 1993), and the WHO-QOL (The WHOQOL group, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression is the predominant factor contributing to morale as measured by the Philadelphia Geriatric Morale Scale in elderly Chinese aged 70 years and over

Woo

Wong

2005

Int. J. Geriat. Psychiatry

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“…Because these two cannot easily be reversed (Wong et al, 2004), morale can be an important clinical parameter in the efficacy of health care (Pearlman & Uhlmann, 1988;Nagatomo et al, 1997;Wong et al, 2004). Improvements in morale are frequently sought and interpreted as positive response to interventions (Wenger, 1992;Lee, Lee, Mackenzie, & Ho, 2002). This study, thus, aims to explore the factors affecting the morale of Filipino elderly people in a community setting.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…However, because of their diversity, factors associated with morale remain unclear, making it difficult for those working with elderly people to know which aspects of the social and physical environment to target in order to raise and maintain morale (Wenger, 1992).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Structural Equation Model of the Factors Affecting Morale of a Select Group of Filipino Elderly in a Community Setting

Guzman

Lacson

Labbao

2014

Educational Gerontology

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While morale among the elderly has been widely and extensively studied, results are varied and at times conflicting. Hence, the purpose of this study is to explore the factors affecting elderly morale of a select group of Filipinos in a community setting. A 64-item questionnaire was utilized to survey 323 Filipinos aged 60 and above residing in the National Capital Region of the Philippines in May 2013. Respondents completed a robotfoto, a checklist of chronic illnesses, and measures of the social support, functional ability, geriatric depression, and morale. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypothesized model. Two competing models emerged in the study. Model 1 followed causal relationships indicated in the hypothesized model while model 2 considered modification indices that surfaced more acceptable fit indices (X 2 =df ¼ 1.414, GFI [goodness of fit index] ¼ 0.988, CFI [comparative fit index] ¼ 0.987, RMSEA [root mean square error of approximation] ¼ 0.036). Chronic illness, social support, and depression were found to be major predictors of morale. Number of chronic illnesses and depression were also found to have a negative relationship with functional ability, and chronic illness and social support were negatively correlated. Findings can assist health professionals such as nurses to identify the factors that shape elderly morale vis-a-vis the use of effective strategies that promote the well-being of elderly people. The emerging model can serve as reference to assess the effectiveness of quality of care rendered as manifested by morale.Several studies have indicated that, by and large, morale is often used synonymously with life satisfaction, subjective or psychological well-being, and quality of life (

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Morale in old age: A review of the evidence

Cited by 21 publications

References 42 publications

A multidimensional model of the quality of life in older age

A multidimensional model of the quality of life in older age

Depression is the predominant factor contributing to morale as measured by the Philadelphia Geriatric Morale Scale in elderly Chinese aged 70 years and over

A Structural Equation Model of the Factors Affecting Morale of a Select Group of Filipino Elderly in a Community Setting

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