Morals for the sake of movement: Locomotion and sensitivity to norms in moral dilemmas

Cornwell, James F. M.; Bella, Antonio Fabio

doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2022.104322

Cited by 3 publications

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“…Observed from a different perspective, locomotion motivationally inspires deontic ethics, in that a society governed by clear moral rules ensures a comforting sense of social control that is at the heart of locomotion concerns (Cornwell & Higgins, 2019). Recent work has provided initial empirical evidence that locomotion is linked with sensitivities to deontological norms in moral dilemmas (Cornwell & Bella, 2022). Locomotion also inspires aretaic ethics, in that achieving the good life is all about constant progress toward virtue, which is attained by enacting the good to gradually develop positive moral character (Cornwell & Higgins, 2018).…”

Section: Where Motivational Primitives Meet Moral Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Where psychological science meets moral theory: Linking up motivational primitives with normative ethics

Bella

2022

Theory & Psychology

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The main normative moral theories in Western thought, from deontology to virtue and consequentialist ethics, revolve around conceptions of the moral right, good, and worth. However, a few elementary psychological motives lie at a deeper level. In the present article, I outline the key tenets of regulatory focus, regulatory mode, and the hedonic principle (approach/avoidance), which I define as “motivational primitives,” and provide a conceptual analysis of their links with specific ethical systems. I unveil how moral judgment in each of them is psychologically construed on the basis of the motivational primitives and their underlying self-regulatory processes. The credibility of the proposed framework will be fully brought to life when researchers, having agreed on satisfactory operationalizations and manipulations of the primitives, will be able to reconcile the speculative and the empirical planes.

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Section: Where Motivational Primitives Meet Moral Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Where psychological science meets moral theory: Linking up motivational primitives with normative ethics

Bella

2022

Theory & Psychology

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Exploring cultural and gender differences in moral judgment: A cross-cultural study based on the CNI model

et al. 2023

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Recently, researchers have proposed a polynomial model called the “consequences, norms, generalized inaction” (CNI) model for researching moral judgment. However, it is unclear whether the model can be used to explore cultural differences in moral judgment. In this study, we investigated the applicability of the CNI model of moral judgment to East Asian groups, and subsequently explored cultural and gender differences in moral judgment between East Asian (i.e., Japan, n = 211; China, n = 200) and Western (i.e., USA, n = 201) groups. The CNI model was proposed by Gawronski et al., and it can quantify individuals’ sensitivity to moral consequence, sensitivity to moral norms, and their general preference for inaction or action in moral dilemmas. Our results indicate that the CNI model fits well for Japanese and Chinese individuals. Both East Asian women and Western women were significantly more sensitive to moral norms than men in their respective countries. In the international comparison, Westerners were more sensitive to moral norms. The Japanese groups, for both men and women, were most biased towards inaction. Regarding sensitivity towards consequences, no differences were observed in the comparison between Eastern and Western male groups, whereas poor sensitivity was observed among women. By using this new model, this study provides new insights into the differences of cultural and gender in moral judgment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12144-023-04662-6.

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Beyond Trolleyology: The CNI Model of Moral-Dilemma Responses

Gawronski,

2024

Pers Soc Psychol Rev

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A large body of research has investigated responses to artificial scenarios (e.g., trolley problem) where maximizing beneficial outcomes for the greater good (utilitarianism) conflicts with adherence to moral norms (deontology). The CNI model is a computational model that quantifies sensitivity to consequences for the greater good ( C), sensitivity to moral norms ( N), and general preference for inaction versus action ( I) in responses to plausible moral dilemmas based on real-world events. Expanding on a description of the CNI model, the current article provides (a) a comprehensive review of empirical findings obtained with the CNI model, (b) an analysis of their theoretical implications, (c) a discussion of criticisms of the CNI model, and (d) an overview of alternative approaches to disentangle multiple factors underlying moral-dilemma responses and the relation of these approaches to the CNI model. The article concludes with a discussion of open questions and new directions for future research. Public Abstract How do people make judgments about actions that violate moral norms yet maximize the greater good (e.g., sacrificing the well-being of a small number of people for the well-being of a larger number of people)? Research on this question has been criticized for relying on highly artificial scenarios and for conflating multiple distinct factors underlying responses in moral dilemmas. The current article reviews research that used a computational modeling approach to disentangle the roles of multiple distinct factors in responses to plausible moral dilemmas based on real-world events. By disentangling sensitivity to consequences, sensitivity to moral norms, and general preference for inaction versus action in responses to realistic dilemmas, the reviewed work provides a more nuanced understanding of how people make judgments about the right course of action in moral dilemmas.

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Morals for the sake of movement: Locomotion and sensitivity to norms in moral dilemmas

Cited by 3 publications

References 32 publications

Where psychological science meets moral theory: Linking up motivational primitives with normative ethics

Where psychological science meets moral theory: Linking up motivational primitives with normative ethics

Exploring cultural and gender differences in moral judgment: A cross-cultural study based on the CNI model

Beyond Trolleyology: The CNI Model of Moral-Dilemma Responses

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