Morbidity and mortality of children aged 2–59 months admitted in the Tanzania Lake Zone’s public hospitals: a cross-sectional study

Lugangira, Kristina; Kazaura, Method; Kalokola, Festus

doi:10.1186/s13104-017-2818-z

Cited by 22 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The sex distribution in our study was similar to that observed in Brazil, India and Saudi Arabia in which deaths due to respiratory diseases were more common among men. In a recent study in north‐western Tanzania, the risk factors of in‐patient death associated with respiratory diseases were sex of the child and maternal education attainment . Though studies in Tanzania have shown that female children have increased odds of in‐patient case fatality than their male counterparts , a community‐based survey in Uganda reported females under the age of 5 years as having an advantage of survival over males .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent study in north-western Tanzania, the risk factors of inpatient death associated with respiratory diseases were sex of the child and maternal education attainment [17]. Though studies in Tanzania have shown that female children have increased odds of in-patient case fatality than their male counterparts [17], a community-based survey in Uganda reported females under the age of 5 years as having an advantage of survival over males [29]. A study in southern-eastern Nigeria showed that tuberculosis and pneumonia were more common within the 30-44 years age bracket [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trends, patterns and causes of respiratory disease mortality among inpatients in Tanzania, 2006–2015

Kishamawe

Rumisha

Mremi

et al. 2018

Tropical Med Int Health

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Objective To determine the causes, patterns and trends of respiratory diseases‐related deaths in hospitals of Tanzania 2006–2015. Methods Retrospective study involving 39 hospitals. Medical records of patients who died in hospital were retrieved, reviewed and analysed. Sources of data were hospital admission registers, death registers and International Classification of Diseases report forms. Information on demographic characteristics, date of death, the immediate underlying cause of death and co‐morbid conditions was collected. Results Of the 247 976 deaths reported during the 10‐year period, respiratory diseases accounted for 12.92% (n = 32 042). The majority of the respiratory mortality was reported among males (55.9%). Overall median age at death was 31 years with an interquartile range (IQR) of 1–47. Median age at death was significantly higher among males (35 years) than females (28 years) (P < 0.0001). Most deaths (37.8%) occurred in eastern Tanzania. About one‐third (31.3%) of all respiratory mortality was reported among under‐five children, being among girls than boys (34.3% vs. 28.9%, χ2 = 10.3, P < 0.0001). Adolescent and young adult females (15–29 years) had higher age‐standardised mortality rates per 100 000 due respiratory diseases than males. Pneumonia (n = 16 639; 51.9%) and pulmonary tuberculosis (n = 9687; 30.2%) accounted for the majority of deaths due to respiratory diseases. Significantly more females (n = 7665; 54.5%) than males died from pneumonia (n = 8878; 49.8%; χ2 = 8.5, P < 0.0001). By contrast, significantly more males (n = 6024; 34%) than females (n = 3596; 26%; χ2 = 15.5, P < 0.0001) died of tuberculosis. The proportion of death due to tuberculosis declined from 32.8% in 2006–2010 to 7.9% in 2011–2015. However, there was a significant increase in the proportion of death due to pneumonia from 49.6% in 2006–2010 to 53.4% in 2011–2015. Co‐morbid conditions contributed to 9.1% (2871/31 628) of all deaths due to respiratory diseases. The most common co‐morbid condition was HIV which accounted for 1735 (60.4%) deaths and was more common among males (60.8%; n = 957) than among females (59.7%; n = 764). Conclusions Respiratory diseases account for a substantial proportion of all causes of hospital death in Tanzania. Pneumonia and tuberculosis contribute to more than three quarters of all deaths due to respiratory diseases. Since most major respiratory illnesses are avoidable, it is important to strengthen the capacity of the health delivery system in managing cases of respiratory diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends, patterns and causes of respiratory disease mortality among inpatients in Tanzania, 2006–2015

Kishamawe

Rumisha

Mremi

et al. 2018

Tropical Med Int Health

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“…[14,19,20] U5CM is reduced if mothers deliver their children at a healthcare centre, where they receive appropriate assistance from skilled professionals during birth, as well as information on how to care for the child and the benefits of the healthcare system. [21]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for under-five mortality in Ethiopia: Evidence from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey

Berelie¹,

Yismaw²,

Tesfa³

et al. 2019

S Afr J CH

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Background. The under-five child mortality (U5CM) rate is the most important sensitive indicator of the socioeconomic and health status of a community, and the overall development of a nation. Despite the world having made substantial progress in reducing child mortality since 1990, the global U5CM rate was 41 per 1 000 in 2016. The rate is higher in Ethiopia than in several other low-and middle-income countries. Objectives. To estimate the effects of socioeconomic and demographic factors on U5CM in Ethiopia. Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 10 641 under-five children. The 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey data were used for this research. Binary logistic regression was employed to identify factors affecting the U5CM rate. Results. The U5CM rate was 60 deaths per 1 000 live births. Children who were delivered at home (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.30; 95% CI 1.04-1.63) and male (aOR 1.36; 95% CI 1.15-1.60) were at an increased risk of death. Children whose family size was between 1 and 3 (aOR 5.54; 95% CI 4.08-7.54), and 4 and 6 (aOR 1.94; 95% CI 1.55-2.43) were more likely to die before age 5 than those whose family size was ≥6. First-born (aOR 0.49; 95% CI 0.36-0.67), second-or third-born (aOR 0.51; 95% CI 0.39-0.67) and fourth-or fifth-born (aOR 0.71; 95% CI 0.56-0.91) children were less likely to die than those who were sixth-born and above. Similarly, singleton children (aOR 0.20; 95% CI 0.15-0.28), children residing in urban communities (aOR 0.55; 95% CI 0.40-0.76) and children whose families had protected sources of water (aOR 0.84; 95% CI 0.71-0.99) had reduced risks of death compared with their respective counterparts. Conclusions. The present study identified risk factors for under-five mortality in Ethiopia. Programmes to reduce under-five mortality in Ethiopia must focus on the place of delivery, households with unprotected sources of drinking water and families residing in rural areas.

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“…Malaria, acute watery diarrhea and bronchopneumonia constituting major morbidities in under-5 children of sub-Saharan Africa as noted in our study has been vastly reported [4][5][6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Contribution of the First Two Years of Post-Neonatal Life to Under Five Morbidity and Mortality at a Tertiary Health Facility

Onyearugha¹,

Okoronkwo²,

Onyemachi³

2019

Act Scie Paedia

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Introduction: The first two years of life are particularly important as optimal nutrition and care during this period lowers morbidity and mortality. Much has been documented on morbidity and mortality among children aged under-5 years. This study was aimed at evaluating the contribution of morbidity and mortality in the first 2 years of post-neonatal life to under-5 morbidity and mortality. Results: The total number of children aged 29 days to 5 years, admitted over the study period was 480, out of which those aged 29 days-2years were 346 (72.1%). There were 300 males and 180 females giving male: female ratio of 1.7:1. Malaria, acute watery diarrhea and sepsis (35.6%, 21.3%, and 18.5% respectively) were the leading morbidities in those aged 29 days-5 years. Morbidity was significantly more in the 29 days-2years age bracket, P=0.042. Monthly morbidity was significantly more in the 29 days-2years age group, than the 29 days-5years age bracket. P=0.000. Two hundred and eighty-eight (83.2%) of those aged 29 days-2 years and 412(85.5%) of those aged 29 days-5years, respectively, were discharged; while their case fatalities were 12.4% and 9.8% respectively with no significant difference in their admission outcome. P = 0.081. Conclusions: The contribution of morbidity in the 29 days-2years age group is significantly high in the overall 29 days-5years age group morbidity. Measures taken to curb morbidity in the under-2 age group could impact positively on the health status of all children. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of all the children aged 29 days to 5 years, admitted into the department of Paediatrics of the Abia State University Teaching Hospital, Aba, over a one-year period.

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Morbidity and mortality of children aged 2–59 months admitted in the Tanzania Lake Zone’s public hospitals: a cross-sectional study

Cited by 22 publications

References 27 publications

Trends, patterns and causes of respiratory disease mortality among inpatients in Tanzania, 2006–2015

Trends, patterns and causes of respiratory disease mortality among inpatients in Tanzania, 2006–2015

Risk factors for under-five mortality in Ethiopia: Evidence from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey

Contribution of the First Two Years of Post-Neonatal Life to Under Five Morbidity and Mortality at a Tertiary Health Facility

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