Morbidity and nutrition patterns of three nomadic pastoralist communities of Chad

Schelling, Esther; Daoud, S; Daugla, Doumagoum Moto; Diallo, Papa Amadou Niang; Tanner, Marcel; Zinsstag, Jakob

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2005.03.006

Cited by 46 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The joint vaccination campaign for children and women beside livestock increased the coverage of vaccination of children and women. It was found that the cost was 15 % lower than for separate campaigns (Schelling et al 2005;Schelling et al 2007).…”

Section: Nomadic Best Practices From Other Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This regular movement and the low population density also reduce risks of epidemic outbreaks. However, nomads can propagate an epidemic from one area to another (Schelling et al 2005). Nomads have a better nutritional status than farmers, as nomads have a high milk diet and supplemented food practices (Schelling et al 2005).…”

Section: Enabling Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This susceptibility and vulnerability is due to risky cultural practices such as i) their proximity to livestock, which is a risk for the transmission of zoonotic diseases; ii) dietary practices such as drinking raw milk; iii) the nomads' perception of their health needs and health-seeking behaviour, which includes traditional healers; iv) their risky living environment, including poor housing conditions; and v) their frequent mobility and difficulty in accessing and utilizing health care services (Mocellin and Foggin 2008;Schelling et al 2005). …”

Section: Enabling Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other cultural practices such as widespread practices of female genital mutilation (FGM) and early marriage are also contributing to high maternal mortality. In addition, other reasons for high maternal mortality include i) misconceptions and practices related to nutrition, maternal diet and maternal care; ii) limited access to health care services; and iii) low rates of enrolment in formal education (Schelling et al 2003;Schelling et al 2005;Montavon et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors influencing the utilization of maternal health care services by nomads in Sudan

Shiekh¹,

Kwaak

2015

Pastoralism

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Sudan has high maternal mortality. The rate among nomads -groups of people who move from place to place as a way of obtaining food, finding pasture or make a living -is very high and varies between different regions of the country. The objective of the study is to identify the factors affecting the utilization of maternal health care services by nomadic communities in Sudan, to make recommendations to improve their health. Nomadic health practices and health care services are the main influencing factors affecting the utilization of maternal health care services. Nomadic health practices are influenced by the mobile lifestyle of nomads, their low level of education and knowledge, gender norms, beliefs, values and attitudes, and their geographical locations. Existing health care services are ill-adapted to the nomadic lifestyle. The study also demonstrates some best practices from other countries that can be applied to the nomadic context in Sudan, such as community health workers, training and support for traditional birth attendants, provision of joint mobile health services for humans and livestock and the establishment of maternity or birth waiting homes. Since the utilization of maternal health care services by nomads is extremely low, the study recommends evidence-based strategies to increase community demand for services or bring women closer to emergency obstetric services.

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Section: Nomadic Best Practices From Other Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Enabling Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Enabling Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Factors influencing the utilization of maternal health care services by nomads in Sudan

Shiekh¹,

Kwaak

2015

Pastoralism

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“…Individuals were considered to be suffering from GI illness if they reported one or more of the following symptoms: stomach ache, diarrhoea (three instances of watery stool in the past 24 h) or vomiting. Recall of illness is commonly used to assess health conditions (53) , yet recall periods that extend beyond 3 d begin to underestimate true disease prevalence (54) . We focus our analysis on GI illness because this is the most salient health outcome of water intake.…”

Section: Dependent Variable: Gastrointestinal Illnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water from fruit or the river? Examining hydration strategies and gastrointestinal illness among Tsimane’ adults in the Bolivian Amazon

Rosinger

Tanner

2014

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: Water is an essential nutrient overlooked in many cross-cultural studies of human nutrition. The present article describes dietary water intake patterns among forager-horticulturalist adults in lowland Bolivia, compares daily intake with international references and examines if variation in how people acquire water relates to gastrointestinal illness. Design: Cross-sectional observational study used survey, anthropometric and qualitative methods with Tsimane' adults selected by age and sex stratification sampling in one community. Setting: Research occurred in one Tsimane' village in the Beni department, Bolivia with limited access to clean water. The 24 h diet and health recalls were conducted in July-August 2012 and qualitative interviews/ethnographic observation in September-October 2013. Subjects: Forty-five Tsimane' household heads (49 % men) took part in the first data collection and twenty-two Tsimane' (55 % men) were included in the followup interviews. Results: Men and women reported consuming 4·9 litres and 4·4 litres of water daily from all dietary sources, respectively. On average, water from foods represented 50 % of total water intake. Thirteen per cent of participants reported symptoms of gastrointestinal illness. In a logistic regression model adjusted for age, BMI, sex and raw water consumed, each percentage increase in water obtained from foods was associated with a reduced risk of gastrointestinal illness (OR = 0·92; 95 % CI 0·85, 0·99). Conclusions: Both total water intake and percentage of water from foods were higher than averages in industrialized countries. These findings suggest that people without access to clean water may rely on water-rich foods as a dietary adaptation to reduce pathogen exposures. Keywords Hydration strategiesWater intake Gastrointestinal illness Tsimane' AmazoniaAccess to improved water sources, such as hand-pumps or other technology designed to protect against fecal contamination, continues to be a critical public health problem among rural indigenous populations in lowincome countries (1) . To complement this need, the present study examines how individuals use local environmental resources to acquire water and the resulting health consequences (2) . Dietary flexibility serves as an adaptation to environmental constraints and relates to variation in nutrition, health and disease patterns (3,4) . Human populations have long used behaviours and food processing techniques as culturally integrated buffers that reduce toxicity and increase the digestibility and nutrients of food, such as the 10 d processing of bitter manioc (5) , corn alkali processing to reduce niacin deficiency (6) and fire and cooking (7) . Likewise, researchers hypothesize that people have historically used dietary strategies to flexibly meet their water needs, such as eating fruits when water is unavailable or using beer, gruel or cider fermentation to render dirty water drinkable and potentially medicinal (8,9) . In the present paper we describe hydration strategies, or a perso...

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Towards Integrated and Adapted Health Services for Nomadic Pastoralists and their Animals: A North–South Partnership

Schelling

Wyss²,

Diguimbaye³

et al.

Handbook of Transdisciplinary Research

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Morbidity and nutrition patterns of three nomadic pastoralist communities of Chad

Cited by 46 publications

References 12 publications

Factors influencing the utilization of maternal health care services by nomads in Sudan

Factors influencing the utilization of maternal health care services by nomads in Sudan

Water from fruit or the river? Examining hydration strategies and gastrointestinal illness among Tsimane’ adults in the Bolivian Amazon

Towards Integrated and Adapted Health Services for Nomadic Pastoralists and their Animals: A North–South Partnership

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