‘More evolved than you’: Evolutionary spirituality as a cultural frame for psychedelic experiences

Abstract

One of the dominant cultural frames for psychedelics in western culture over last 130 years has been evolutionary spirituality. This tradition suggests human evolution is not finished and can be guided towards the creation of higher beings through such techniques as psychedelics and eugenics or genetic modification. But is everyone evolving into a new species, or just an elite? This essay defines the tradition of evolutionary spirituality and points to five of the ethical limitations of the tradition – its tendency to spiritual narcissism, contempt for the less-evolved masses, Social Darwinism and Malthusianism, spiritual eugenics, and illiberal utopian politics—before suggesting responses to these limitations.

Cultivating Pearls of Wisdom: Creating Protected Niche Spaces for Inner Transformations amidst the Metacrisis

“…This burgeoning market for inner development operates by encouraging individuals to constantly improve themselves by augmenting how they think, feel, and act, as prescribed by best practices [61]. Approaches to inner change in these secularized and commodified contexts broadly cover a range of interventions including mindfulness [82], plant medicines or psychedelics [83][84][85], and yoga [86]. As previously noted, many of these approaches have been taken from spiritual and religious traditions and decontextualized for popular consumption [87][88][89].…”