“More Normal than Welfare”: The Mincome Experiment, Stigma, and Community Experience

Abstract

Cet article traite de l'impact d'une expérience sociale menée dans les années 1970, l'Expérience du revenu annuel de base du Manitoba (MINCOME). J'examine le lieu de "saturation" de la MINCOME, la ville de Dauphin au Manitoba, où tous les habitantsétaient admissiblesà des versements de revenus annuels garantis pendant trois ans.À partir d'archives de récits qualitatifs des participants je montre que la conception et le discours autour de la MINCOME ont amené les participantsà voir les versements d'un oeil pragmatique, contrairement a la perspective moralisatrice qu'inspire le bien-être sociale. Conformémentà la théorie existante cet article constate que la participationà la MINCOME n'a pas produit de stigmate social. Plus largement, cetteétude discute de la faisabilité d'autres formes d'organisation socio-économiqueà travers une prise en compte des aspects moraux de la politiqueéconomique. La signification sociale de la MINCOMEétait suffisamment puissante pour que même les participants ayant des attitudes négativesà l'égard d'aides gouvernementales se sentirent capables de recevoir des versements de la MINCOME sans un sentiment de contradiction. En occultant les distinctions entre les "pauvres méritants" et les "pauvres non-méritants",

The need for a federal Basic Income feature within any coherent post-COVID-19 economic recovery plan

“…Aiemmat laadulliset tutkimukset eri perustulokokeiluista ovat muun muassa osoittaneet perustulon vaikuttaneen myönteisesti ihmisten omanarvontuntoon ja luottamuksen kokemuksiin (Bohmeyer & Cornelsen, 2019), terveyteen, sosiaalisiin suhteisiin, kulutusmahdollisuuksiin ja mahdollisuuksiin pitkäjänteisesti suunnitella omaa talouttaan (Hamilton & Mulvale, 2019). Aiempien tutkimustulosten mukaan myös kielteisten byrokratiakokemusten (Hamilton & Mulvale, 2019) sekä toimeentulotukiasiakkuuteen liittyvän sosiaalisen stigman on koettu vähentyneen perustulokokeilun aikana (Calnitsky, 2016).…”

The Role of Values for Social Cohesion: Theoretical Explication and Empirical Exploration

“…Second, compared to universalistic welfare policies, liberal means-tested welfare policies tend to emphasise social distinctions by stigmatising beneficiaries (Esping-Andersen, 1990;Stuber & Schlesinger, 2006). More recent research shows that means-tested welfare policies do not automatically lead to a "welfare stigma" (Moffitt, 1983), but are conditional on societal moralistic perceptions on who the 'deserving' and the 'undeserving poor' are (Calnitsky, 2016). Although the stigmatising effect of means-tested welfare policies is conditional in this way, they may nonetheless increase social tensions.…”

“…Although the stigmatising effect of means-tested welfare policies is conditional in this way, they may nonetheless increase social tensions. In addition, means-tested welfare policies may increase a sense of social alienation among beneficiaries by violating their personal integrity through the necessary intrusive procedures involved in assessing their economic and social situations (Calnitsky, 2016;Rothstein, 2008).…”

The Impact of an Experimental Guaranteed Income on Crime and Violence

“…No final report was produced, and most of the survey data collected on Dauphin has never been analyzed. Subsequent to the end of the Mincome experiment, a small number of journal articles were produced from the digitized Winnipeg data (Choudhry and Hum 1995;Hum and Choudhry 1992;Hum and Simpson 1993;Prescott, Swidinsky, and Wilton 1986;Simpson and Hum 1991); however, until recently no published research has examined the original survey records (Calnitsky 2016(Calnitsky , 2018aCalnitsky and Latner 2017) or administrative data (Forget 2011) on the Dauphin portion of the experiment. 3 Positive tax liabilities were rebated too; the rebate faded to zero once market earnings reached around $43,400.…”