More than an empty case: a non invasive technique for monitoring the Australian critically endangered golden sun moth, Synemon plana (Lepidoptera: Castniidae)

Richter, Anett; Weinhold, Dana; Robertson, Geoff; Young, Matthew J.; Edwards, Ted; Hnatiuk, Sarah H.; Osborne, Will

doi:10.1007/s10841-012-9537-5

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…; New ), Ornithoptera richmondia (Gray, [1853]) (Sands ; Sands & New ) and Synemon plana Walker, 1854 (Richter et al . ). The few ecological studies that have assessed the composition and species richness of assemblages (and sometimes seasonal changes in abundance) through repeated sampling have tended to be short term (maximum of 2.5 years) (Braby ; Hill ; Haywood & Wilson ; Collier et al .…”

Section: Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 97%

Biosystematics and conservation biology: critical scientific disciplines for the management of insect biological diversity

Braby¹,

Williams

2015

Austral Entomology

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Biosystematics and conservation biology are critical scientific disciplines that underpin the management of biological diversity. This is because biosystematics provides two basic elements that are fundamental to conservation management: the circumscription of species and the spatial distribution of species. These elements in turn allow conservation biologists to determine the components of biodiversity, such as local species richness (α-diversity), composition and community structure, patterns of spatial turnover and heterogeneity (β-diversity), levels of endemism, and location of 'biodiversity hotspots'. This information ultimately provides a framework for systematic conservation planning for the management of biological diversity and natural resources. In this review, drawing on examples of Australian diurnal Lepidoptera (butterflies and day-flying moths), we discuss three areas of conservation biology that are crucial for insect biodiversity conservation: (1) inventory and estimation of faunal richness; (2) monitoring for conservation management and the selection and use of bioindicators; and (3) assessment of conservation status and recovery of threatened species. We then explore the capacity of biosystematics to complement and enhance these programmes. Major challenges for biosystematics are to catalogue and map the Earth's known species, to discover and describe new or as-yet-unknown species, to reconstruct the evolutionary history or tree of life and to incorporate phylogenetic diversity (taxonomic distinctiveness) as a component of biodiversity into conservation planning and practical nature conservation. The first two tasks, which need to be completed relatively urgently in an era of biodiversity crisis and a limited and declining pool of taxonomic expertise, are required in order to optimise conservation effort of the world's biodiversity. It is recommended that to overcome the taxonomic impediment for insect conservation taxonomic attention should focus on a limited set of 'priority' taxa, and the rate at which new species are discovered and described needs to be accelerated (by at least an order of magnitude). An agenda for future research in biosystematics and conservation biology is proposed as a guideline for biodiversity conservation for Australian entomology.

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Section: Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 97%

Biosystematics and conservation biology: critical scientific disciplines for the management of insect biological diversity

Braby¹,

Williams

2015

Austral Entomology

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“…For example, Rorat et al (2014) collected individual earthworms, which they then electrified "lightly" to induce coelomic secretion. Yet, truly non-invasive methods exist for invertebrates, for example through field collection of insect exuviae (Nguyen et al, 2017), pupal cases (Richter et al, 2013), empty mummies (Lefort et al, 2017), dust (Madden et al, 2016) , soil (Bienert et al, 2012), or water samples (Mächler et al, 2014). The misuse of the term non-invasive DNA sampling also varies in relation to the taxonomic group of interest within vertebrates (Fig 2d) (X 2 = 190.69, df = 30, p < 2.2e-16).…”

Section: Box 1: the Seven Sins Of Non-invasive Dna Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood, sweat and tears: a review of non-invasive DNA sampling

Lefort¹,

Cruickshank²,

Descovich³

et al. 2022

Peer Community Journal

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The use of DNA data is ubiquitous across animal sciences. DNA may be obtained from an organism for a myriad of reasons including identification and distinction between cryptic species, sex identification, comparisons of different morphocryptic genotypes or assessments of relatedness between organisms prior to a behavioural study. DNA should be obtained while minimizing the impact on the fitness, behaviour or welfare of the subject being tested, as this can bias experimental results and cause long-lasting effects on wild animals. Furthermore, minimizing impact on experimental animals is a key Refinement principle within the '3Rs' framework which aims to ensure that animal welfare during experimentation is optimised. The term 'non-invasive DNA sampling' has been defined to indicate collection methods that do not require capture or cause disturbance to the animal, including any effects on behaviour or fitness. In practice this is not always the case, as the term 'non-invasive' is commonly used in the literature to describe studies where animals are restrained or subjected to aversive procedures. We reviewed the non-invasive DNA sampling literature for the past six years (380 papers published in 2013-2018) and uncovered the existence of a significant gap between the current use of this terminology (i.e. 'non-invasive DNA sampling') and its original definition. We show that 58% of the reviewed papers did not comply with the original definition. We discuss the main experimental and ethical issues surrounding the potential confusion or misuse of the phrase 'non-invasive DNA sampling' in the current literature and provide potential solutions. In addition, we introduce the terms 'non-disruptive' and 'minimally disruptive' DNA sampling, to indicate methods that eliminate or minimise impacts not on the physical integrity/structure of the animal, but on its behaviour, fitness and welfare, which in the literature reviewed corresponds to the situation for which an accurate term is clearly missing. Furthermore, we outline when these methods are appropriate to use.

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“…For example, Rorat et al [18] collected individual earthworms, which they then electrified "lightly" to induce coelomic secretion. Yet, truly non-invasive methods exist for invertebrates, for example through field collection of insect exuviae [19], pupal cases [20], empty mummies [21], dust [22] , soil [23], or water samples [24].The misuse of the term non-invasive DNA sampling also varies in relation to the taxonomic group of interest within vertebrates (Fig 2d) (X 2 = 190.69, df = 30, p < 2.2e-16). For example, 27% of the studies on fish involved alteration of the physical integrity of the organism.…”

Section: Box 1: the Seven Sins Of Non-invasive Dna Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood, sweat and tears: a review of non-invasive DNA sampling

Lefort

Cruickshank

Descovich

et al. 2018

Preprint

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The use of DNA data is ubiquitous across animal sciences. DNA may be obtained from an organism for a myriad of reasons including identification and distinction between cryptic species, sex identification, comparisons of different morphocryptic genotypes or assessments of relatedness between organisms prior to a behavioural study. DNA should be obtained while minimizing the impact on the fitness, behaviour or welfare of the subject being tested, as this can bias experimental results and cause long-lasting effects on wild animals. Furthermore, minimizing impact on experimental animals is a key Refinement principle within the ‘3Rs’ framework which aims to ensure that animal welfare during experimentation is optimised. The term ‘non-invasive DNA sampling’ has been defined to indicate collection methods that do not require capture or cause disturbance to the animal, including any effects on behaviour or fitness. In practice this is not always the case, as the term ‘non-invasive’ is commonly used in the literature to describe studies where animals are restrained or subjected to aversive procedures. We reviewed the non-invasive DNA sampling literature for the past six years (380 papers published in 2013-2018) and uncovered the existence of a significant gap between the current use of this terminology (i.e. ‘non-invasive DNA sampling’) and its original definition. We show that 58% of the reviewed papers did not comply with the original definition. We discuss the main experimental and ethical issues surrounding the potential confusion or misuse of the phrase ‘non-invasive DNA sampling’ in the current literature and provide potential solutions. In addition, we introduce the terms ‘non-disruptive’ and ‘minimally disruptive’ DNA sampling, to indicate methods that eliminate or minimise impacts not on the physical integrity/structure of the animal, but on its behaviour, fitness and welfare, which in the literature reviewed corresponds to the situation for which an accurate term is clearly missing. Furthermore, we outline when these methods are appropriate to use.

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More than an empty case: a non invasive technique for monitoring the Australian critically endangered golden sun moth, Synemon plana (Lepidoptera: Castniidae)

Cited by 9 publications

References 27 publications

Biosystematics and conservation biology: critical scientific disciplines for the management of insect biological diversity

Biosystematics and conservation biology: critical scientific disciplines for the management of insect biological diversity

Blood, sweat and tears: a review of non-invasive DNA sampling

Blood, sweat and tears: a review of non-invasive DNA sampling

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