Moringa oleifera Hot Water Extract Protects Vero Cells from Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Stress by Regulating Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptotic Pathway and Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling

Abstract

The present study discloses the identification of phenolic compounds in Moringa oleifera hot water extract (MOH) and the evaluation of its antioxidant activity on H2O2-induced oxidative stress in Vero cells. Upon analysis, MOH was found to contain phenolic compounds and indicated 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS+) radical scavenging with IC50 values of 102.52 and 122.55 µg/mL, respectively. The ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of MOH indicated a dose-dependent increase with a maximum absorbance at 125 μg/mL and the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) of MOH was 1004.95 µmol TE/mg. Results showed that MOH dose-dependently reduced intracellular ROS generation in H2O2-stimulated Vero cells while increasing the cell viability. Fluorescence microscopy and flowcytometric analyses have supported the above findings. MOH markedly suppressed the H2O2-induced mitochondrial depolarization and apoptosis through suppression of the mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis pathway and activated the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway by possibly involving H2O2 generation in cell media. Findings of western blot were supported by immunocytochemistry of Nrf2 nuclear translocation. Thus, MOH bioactivity would potentiate its applications in manufacturing functional food.

Fucosterol Isolated from Dietary Brown Alga Sargassum horneri Protects TNF-α/IFN-γ-Stimulated Human Dermal Fibroblasts Via Regulating Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB/MAPK Pathways

“…The contents of total polyphenol, total protein, and carbohydrate were determined according to the method mentioned in one of the previous studies [ 20 ]. In brief, the dried crude extract was dissolved and incubated in the dark after mixing with Folin–Ciocalteu regent.…”

“…In brief, the absorbance of formazan crystals dissolved in DMSO was measured by using a SpectraMax M2 microplate reader (Molecular Devices, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) at 570 nm. The effect of FST on intracellular ROS levels in HDF cells stimulated with TNF-α/IFN-γ was measured by 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA) assay, as described in one of the previous publications [ 20 ].…”

“…A BCA protein assay kit (Thermo Scientific, Rockford, IL, USA) was used to estimate the protein concentrations in cell lysate, and 30 μg of protein of each lysate were subjected to electrophoresis on 10% polyacrylamide gels. Then, we followed the same procedure as described in our previous study [ 20 ].…”

Neuroprotective potential of Moringa oleifera mediated by NF‐kB/Nrf2/HO‐1 signaling pathway: A review

“…Research has proven that oxidative stress is the key hallmark behind dopaminergic cell death and various natural drugs (e.g., Rice bran extract) have been used to reduce oxidative stress and ROS generation (Kesh et al, 2021;Kumar & Kumar, 2021;Singh & Kumar, 2016). Moringa extract is known to reduce ROS formation, mitochondrial damage, and apoptosis (Kirindage et al, 2022).…”

“…Research has proven that oxidative stress is the key hallmark behind dopaminergic cell death and various natural drugs (e.g., Rice bran extract) have been used to reduce oxidative stress and ROS generation (Kesh et al, 2021; Kumar & Kumar, 2021; Singh & Kumar, 2016). Moringa extract is known to reduce ROS formation, mitochondrial damage, and apoptosis (Kirindage et al, 2022). Sulforaphane (a type of glucosinolates) a constituent of moringa has been shown to protect C57Bl/6 mice against the 1‐Methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) induced PD by targeting the transcription factor‐like Nrf2, and improving the survival of nigral dopaminergic neurons (Jazwa et al, 2011).…”