Morningness–eveningness is not associated with academic performance in the afternoon school shift: Preliminary findings

Arrona‐Palacios, Arturo; Díaz‐Morales, Juan Francisco

doi:10.1111/bjep.12196

Cited by 44 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Other authors have addressed the difference in sleep patterns between morning and afternoon school shift and have found that, typically, morning-shift students have a shorter sleep duration and increased social jetlag and that these effects are more severe for evening chronotypes (Arrona-Palacios et al., 2015; Arrona-Palacios and Díaz-Morales, 2017; Brandalize et al., 2011; Estevan et al., 2018; Košćec et al., 2014; Lazaratou et al., 2005). One of these studies, performed with adolescents (11-17 years old) in a southern Brazilian city, showed that self-reported sleep duration was longer in afternoon- than in morning-shift students but was also longer than what we report in the current study, suggesting that although overall sleep duration may change between geographic regions, early morning SSTs still have a negative impact on sleep duration (Brandalize et al., 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These findings are interpreted as the consequence of a better alignment between the schedule of social demands for teenagers and the biological timing of their sleep (reviewed in Lo et al., 2018; Minges and Redeker, 2016; Morgenthaler et al., 2016; Wheaton et al., 2016; Ziporyn et al., 2017). In Latin American countries, it is common for schools to start in tiers, with a morning shift and an afternoon shift (Arrona-Palacios et al., 2015; Arrona-Palacios and Díaz-Morales, 2017; Estevan et al., 2018). In Brazilian middle and high schools, upper- and lower-grade students are respectively assigned to the morning and afternoon shifts (Brandalize et al., 2011).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Afternoon School Start Times Are Associated with a Lack of Both Social Jetlag and Sleep Deprivation in Adolescents

et al. 2020

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The delayed circadian timing of adolescents creates a conflict with early school start times (SSTs). We used wrist actimetry to compare sleep parameters and routine nighttime activities in middle school students attending either a morning (0700 to 1200 h) or an afternoon (1230 to 1730 h) school shift. On school days, students from both shifts ( n = 21 for morning shift, n = 20 for afternoon shift, ages 12-14 years) had a similar sleep onset, but morning-shift students had an earlier sleep offset and a 1 h 45 min shorter sleep duration than their afternoon peers, who slept the recommended 8 to 10 h of daily sleep. Only morning-shift students had afternoon naps, but this afternoon sleep was not sufficient to overcome sleep deprivation. On weekends, sleep onsets and offsets did not differ between shifts. Because only morning-shift students woke up later and slept longer (2 h 3 min) on weekends, they were also the only ones who experienced social jetlag. Daily surveys on their nighttime (from 1800 to 0600 h) activities indicated there was no difference between shifts in the time spent on leisure or using electronic media during school days, but students from both shifts spent more time in these activities during the weekend. Our study confirms that early SST in adolescents is associated with sleep deprivation and suggests that schedules that start much later than typically considered may be needed to eliminate sleep deprivation in adolescents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Afternoon School Start Times Are Associated with a Lack of Both Social Jetlag and Sleep Deprivation in Adolescents

et al. 2020

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“…The MESC, originating in Carskadon et al [43], was adapted from the Composite Scale of Morningness [44] to children and adolescents and was recommended by Tonetti et al [45] as a scale for assessing morningness-eveningness in children and adolescents. The MESC is a unidimensional scale [43,45], has been widely used since 1992 and is available in Brazilian, Italian, Croatian, Turkish, Spanish, American and Australian English [45][46][47][48][49]. It was applied in large samples (N = 345-1393) and in a broad age range (12-20 years), with an internal consistency ranging from 0.68-0.77 and a test-retest reliability between 0.53-0.59 (see Tonetti et al [45] for details).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Young “Early Birds” Prefer Preservation, Appreciation and Utilization of Nature

2018

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Since the 1990s, the Two Major Environmental Value model (2-MEV) has been applied to measure adolescent environmental attitudes by covering two higher order factors: (i) Preservation of Nature (PRE) which measures protection preferences and (ii) Utilization of Nature (UTL) which quantifies preferences towards exploitation of nature. In addition to the 2-MEV scale, we monitored the Appreciation of Nature (APR) which, in contrast to the UTL, monitors the enjoyable utilization of nature. Finally, we employed the Morningness-Eveningness Scale for Children (MESC) which monitors the diurnal preferences and associates with personality and behavioral traits. In this study, we analyzed data from 429 Irish students (14.65 years; ±1.89 SD) with the aim of reconfirming the factor structure of the 2-MEV+APR and monitoring the relationship between the MESC and the environmental values (PRE, UTL, APR). Our findings identified a significant association between PRE and APR with MESC. In addition, we observed a gender difference. Our results suggest that morningness preference students are more likely to be protective of and appreciative towards nature. Recommendations for outreach programs as well as conclusions for environmental education initiatives in general are discussed.

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“…However, people watching birds, and other taxa, differ in many psychological and physical traits, and one very marked behavioural difference is their particular morningness-eveningness spectrum of activity (Werner, Geisler, & Randler, 2015). In the case of bird observation, this can affect not only intellectual and physical peak performance during the day (Pica, Amato, Pierro, & Kruglanski, 2015;Randler, Faßl, & Kalb, 2017;Arrona-Palacios & Díaz-Morales, 2018), but also punctuality (Werner et al, 2015) and risk-taking (Wang & Chartrand, 2015), which can be useful in finding and watching rare birds, which is a particularly focussed activity of some birdwatchers (Żmihorski, Sparks, & Tryjanowski, 2012;Callaghan et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Review #1 of "Circadian preferences of birdwatchers in Poland: do “owls” prefer watching night birds, and “larks” prefer daytime ones? (v0.1)"

2020

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Birdwatching is a very popular and increasing leisure activity, and the study and observation of birds is more popular in the morning due to the greater activity among birds at that time of day. The aim of our study was to find out whether there was a relationship between the circadian preference of observers and their favourite bird species, and whether it was influenced by such factors as professional status, age and gender. In an e-mail survey we asked a total of 433 Polish ornithologists (professionals) or birdwatchers (non-professionals) for their morningness-eveningness preferences (four categories) and favourite (open choice) bird species, and received 143 responses. The temporal (circadian) preferences of respondents declined from early morning (35.7%) to evening / nighttime (11.4%). Circadian preference categories differed significantly by age, with early morning respondents significantly older. These preference categories did not differ significantly in terms of response time to the survey invitation or in the percentage of their favourite birds that were categorised as daytime birds. A total of 204 species were identified as favourite birds of which 34 species were mentioned by 5 or more respondents, with only two, the common crane Grus grus and the Eurasian pygmy owl Glaucidium passerinum mentioned by more than 10% of respondents. The white stork Ciconia ciconia was more popular with professionals than non-professionals and the swift Apus apus less popular. A significant gender × circadian preference interaction was detected for the percentage of favourite birds categorised as daytime birds, with fewer daytime birds among early morning female recorders. The presented results are obviously of a correlative nature, but open the door for further, more advanced study, and suggest there may be a need to investigate temporal biases when analysing citizen-based data.

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Morningness–eveningness is not associated with academic performance in the afternoon school shift: Preliminary findings

Abstract: The role of morningness-eveningness in academic performance in the afternoon shift is examined.

Cited by 44 publications

References 69 publications

Afternoon School Start Times Are Associated with a Lack of Both Social Jetlag and Sleep Deprivation in Adolescents

Afternoon School Start Times Are Associated with a Lack of Both Social Jetlag and Sleep Deprivation in Adolescents

How Young “Early Birds” Prefer Preservation, Appreciation and Utilization of Nature

Peer Review #1 of "Circadian preferences of birdwatchers in Poland: do “owls” prefer watching night birds, and “larks” prefer daytime ones? (v0.1)"

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