Aiming at the chattering problem generated in the machining process of thin-walled parts with complex curved surfaces, a process optimization strategy based on the non-uniform allowance of ɛ influence factor is proposed from the finishing margin with the goal of simplicity and practicality. Firstly, the machining allowance is planned using the ɛ influence factor, and then the theoretical evaluation of the chattering stability of milling operations for uniform allowance blades and nonuniform allowance blades based on the ɛ influence factor by semi-discrete time-domain analysis is carried out and compared, and the results show that the stabilizing region of the optional spindle speed and depth of cut is increased by about 50%, thus effectively improving the productivity. Finally, through the test machining of the whole impeller and the surface contour inspection of the whole impeller, it is verified that the process optimization strategy based on the non-uniform allowance of ɛ influence factor has an obvious effect on the suppression of chattering, which is instructive for the machining and manufacturing of thin-walled parts with complex curved surfaces.