Morpho-anatomical characteristics of Baccharis glaziovii in support of its pharmacobotany

Abstract

CarquejaMorphology Anatomy Quality control A B S T R A C TBaccharis glaziovii Baker, Asteraceae, also known as carqueja or carqueja-arbustinho, is a native shrub of Brazil that reaches 0.5-2.5 m in height. It is a dioecious species that blossoms from September to December. This species has cladodes, which are winged stems that belong to the "carquejas" and are widely used indiscriminately by the population due to their gastric and diuretic properties. Carquejas are included in section Caulopterae and are difficult to identify even for taxonomists or Baccharis specialists. In the present study, a morpho-anatomical (cladodes and leaves) analysis of the medicinal plant was undertaken to improve its identification and add to the knowledge of section Caulopterae. Fragments of cladodes and leaves were collected and prepared in accordance with standard optical and scanning electron microscopy techniques. The morpho-anatomical characteristics found in B. glaziovii, include three-winged stems showing wings in a regular arrangement around the stem axis, short and petiolate leaves, flagelliform and simple non-glandular trichomes, concave-convex midrib, petioles with a concave shape and a slight projection on the adaxial face and convex with three projections on the abaxial surface, and calcium oxalate crystals in the form of raphides, styloids and pyramidal in the perimedullary region of the cladode, when evaluated as a whole, provide support for the quality control.

Foliar anatomy and microscopy of six Brazilian species of Baccharis (Asteraceae)

“…In Baccharis species, the cuticle on the leaf epidermal surfaces is usually striated (Jasinski et al, ; Bobek et al, ). All the six Baccharis species included in this study have striated cuticle on the abaxial leaf surface (Figure c,f,i,l,o,r).…”

“…Baccharis pauciflosculosa and B. sphenophylla are amphistomatic, and the other species are amphi‐hypostomatic. Amphistomatic leaves are frequent in Baccharis (Bobek et al, ; Jasinski et al, ). However, hypostomatic leaves were also reported for B. anomala (Budel & Duarte, ), B. uncinella DC.…”

“…Flagelliform and biseriate glandular trichomes have been frequently reported in Baccharis (Barreto et al, ; Bobek et al, ; Budel et al, ; Budel and Duarte, ; Budel et al, ; Freire et al, ; Jasinski et al, ; Pereira et al, ; Rodriguez et al, ; Souza et al, ; Tischer et al, ).…”

Análise farmacobotânica de folha e caule de Tanacetum vulgare (L.)

“…A base desses tricomas mostrou-se lignificada nos testes histoquímicos. Tricomas semelhantes foram amplamente relatados para Asteraceae (Budel & Duarte, 2008;Oliveira et al, 2011;Jasinski et al, 2014). Tanacetum parthenium evidenciou tricoma flageliforme semelhante, entretanto, a base deste tricoma mostrou-se formada por uma grande FIGURA 1.…”

“…No Brasil ocorrem aproximadamente 196 gêneros e 1900 espécies (Barroso et al, 1991). Essa família tem sido objeto de estudos morfoanatômicos (Jasinski et al, 2014;Bobek et al, 2015), citogenéticos (Dydak et al, 2009), fitoquímicos e farmacológicos (Florão et al, 2012).…”