Morpho-anatomical characterization of root in recurrent selection cycles for flood tolerance of maize (Zea mays L.)

Souza, Thiago Corrêa de; Castro, Evaristo Mauro de; Pereira, Fabricio José; Parentoni, S. N.; Magalhães, P. C.

doi:10.17221/110/2009-pse

Cited by 30 publications

(45 citation statements)

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“…Without water in the xylem (tracheid and vessel elements), air bubbles can be formed (embolism) or flow can be interrupted (cavitation) due to stretching (breaking) of the water column (Li et al, 2009). A study showed that thicker phloem in corn under stress may favor the influx of photoassimilates coming from the shoots (Souza et al, 2009).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For each treatment under water deficit, roots from the corresponding treatment under irrigation (control) were also collected. The cross-sections were done according to Souza et al (2009) and photographed in an optical light microscope, model Olympus BX60 (Olympus Corporation of the Americas, Center Valley, PA, USA), coupled to a digital camera. The following parameters were analyzed in the root: cortex thickness; proportion of aerenchyma in the cortex; width of the suberized cell layer, present in the hypodermis region (exodermis); endoderm thickness; diameter; number of cells of the metaxylem; and phloem thickness.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The proportion of area occupied by the aerenchyma in the cortex was calculated by dividing the total area of the aerenchyma by the total area of the cortex. All these measurements were made by the UTHSCSA ImageTool analysis software (University of Texas, San Antonio, TX, USA), according to Souza et al (2009).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Corn root morphoanatomy at different development stages and yield under water stress

Souza

Magalhães

Castro

et al. 2016

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-The objective of this work was to characterize the morphoanatomy of roots and the yield traits of two corn hybrids contrasting for drought tolerance (DKB 390, tolerant; and BRS 1030, sensitive), at different stages of development. Water deficit was imposed for ten days, in a greenhouse, at three growth stages: V5, VT, and R3. These treatments were combined to generate cumulative stress during the plant cycle, as: V5VT, V5R3, VTR3, and V5VTR3. The following were analyzed: root anatomy; proportion of aerenchyma in the cortex; metaxylem number and diameter; phloem thickness; as well as morphological characteristics, such as root length, volume, and surface area, specific root length, length of fine roots, grain yield, and ear length and diameter. Development stage affected the responses to stress: DKB 390 showed the best performance for root morphoanatomy and yield traits, under drought stress, at the reproductive stages, mainly R3, and in the treatments with cumulative stress, especially V5VTR3; whereas BRS 1030 presented higher means for the studied parameters, mainly at the V5 and VT stages, but did not show a higher grain yield under water stress. The greater tolerance of the DKB 390 hybrid to water deficit is probably linked with a memory of pre-exposure to water stress at different growth stages.Index terms: Zea mays, aerenchyma, drought, endoderm, specific root length, WinRhizo. Morfoanatomia radicular em diferentes estádios de desenvolvimento e produtividade do milho sob estresse hídricoResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar a morfoanatomia radicular e os atributos de rendimento de dois híbridos de milho contrastantes quanto à seca (DKB 390, tolerante; e BRS 1030, sensível), em diferentes estádios de desenvolvimento. A deficiência hídrica foi imposta por dez dias, em casa de vegetação, em três estádios de desenvolvimento: V5, VT e R3. Esses tratamentos foram combinados para gerar estresses acumulativos durante o ciclo da planta, como: V5VT, V5R3, VTR3 e V5VTR3. Foram analisados: anatomia radicular; proporção de aerênquima no cortex; número e diâmetro de metaxilema; espessura do floema; bem como características morfológicas, como comprimento, volume e área de superfície radicular, comprimento específico das raízes, comprimento de raízes finas, rendimento de grãos, e comprimento e diâmetro da espiga. O estádio de desenvolvimento influenciou as respostas ao estresse: DKB 390 apresentou o melhor desempenho quanto à morfoanatomia radicular e aos atributos de rendimento, quando submetido a estresse hídrico, nos estádios reprodutivos, sobretudo em R3, e nos tratamentos acumulativos de estresse, principalmente no V5VTR3; enquanto BRS 1030 apresentou as maiores médias para os parâmetros estudados, principalmente nos estádios V5 e VT, mas não apresentou maior rendimento de grãos sob estresse hídrico. A maior tolerância do híbrido DKB 390 ao estresse hídrico provavelmente relaciona-se à memória de exposição prévia ao estresse hídrico em diferentes estádios de desenvolvimento.Termos para indexação...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Corn root morphoanatomy at different development stages and yield under water stress

Souza

Magalhães

Castro

et al. 2016

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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“…A proporção de aerênquima na raiz é uma característica essencial para as plantas que estão em ambiente aquático, podendo aumentar em condições de alagamento, como observado em plantas de milho (Pereira et al, 2008(Pereira et al, , 2010Souza et al, 2009). Assim, o aerênquima é essencial para a sobrevivência de E. crassipes, e a proporção de aerênquima na raiz não ter sido alterada em solução nutritiva contaminada com arsênio demonstra outra característica que contribui para a tolerância dessa espécie, resultado também percebido no aumento do diâmetro das células corticais.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Mecanismos anatômicos e fisiológicos de plantas de aguapé para a tolerância à contaminação por Arsênio

et al. 2011

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RESUMO -Este trabalho teve como objetivo a avaliação das características anatômicas e fisiológicas de aguapé (Eichhornia crassipes) em resposta ao estresse por arsênio. As plantas de aguapé foram cultivadas em solução nutritiva hidropônica de Hoagland em casa de vegetação sob cinco concentrações de arsênio: 0,0; 0,25; 0,5; 1,0; e 2,0 mg L -1 por período de 20 dias. As plantas demonstraram aumento na taxa fotossintética, na condutância estomática, na transpiração e na relação Ci/Ca, bem como na atividade de todas as enzimas do sistema antioxidante, com maior atividade nas folhas em relação às raízes nos tratamentos contendo arsênio. As características anatômicas das folhas das plantas sob as maiores concentrações de arsênio mostraram aumento na densidade estomática, no índice estomático e na espessura do parênquima esponjoso. A anatomia radicular não evidenciou alterações decorrentes da intoxicação por arsênio e modificações nas características do xilema e floema, porém não houve prejuízos à sua estrutura e função. Dessa forma, o estresse por intoxicação pelo arsênio, nas concentrações testadas, não é evidente nas plantas de E. crassipes, e os mecanismos de tolerância são relacionados com modificações na anatomia e fisiologia das plantas.Palavras-chave: Eichhornia crassipes, anatomia ecológica, sistema antioxidante, fotossíntese.ABSTRACT -This work aimed to evaluate the anatomical and physiological characteristics of Eichhornia crassipes in response to arsenic stress. Plants of E. crassipes were grown in Hoagland hydroponic nutritive solution under greenhouse conditions at five arsenic levels: 0.0, 0.25, 0.50, 1.0 and 2.0 mg L -1 during 20 days. The plants showed an increase in photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration and Ci/Ca rate, as well as in the activity of all the enzymes in the antioxidant system, with higher activity in the leaves than in the roots, in all the treatments with arsenic. The anatomical characteristics observed on the leaves of the plants under higher arsenic levels showed an increase in stomatal density, stomatal index and spongy parenchyma thickness. Root anatomy showed no toxic evidences at any arsenic level; changes in the xylem and phloem characteristics were exhibited by the roots in the arsenic treatments, but no damage was caused to its structure and function. Thus, stress caused by arsenic intoxication at the levels tested, is not evident on E. crassipes plants, and the mechanisms of tolerance of E. crassipes are associated to anatomical and physiological changes.

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“…However, period of inundation did not significant effect on IR64. In the flooded conditions, plants have a mechanism to prevent the loss of oxygen in the flooded area by forming aerenchyma (De Souza et al, 2009). According Vasellati et al (2001), inundation will increase the aerenchyma tissue on the root cortex.…”

Section: Aerenchyma Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and Aerenchyma Formation of Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Cv. Ir64 and Inpara 5 at Different Inundation Conditions

Rachmawati

Maryani

Pratiwi³

2015

KLS

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Global climate change leads to changes in rainfall patterns, making it difficult to predict the occurrence of drought or flooding. Flooding had a negative impact on the rice growth. The objectives of this research were to study growth and aerenchyma formation of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cv. IR64 and Inpara 5 at different inundation conditions. This research was conducted in the greenhouse, Faculty of Biology, UGM from March to December 2012. Experiment design used was completely randomized design with factorial pattern of depth and period of inundation. Depth of inundation consists of 4 levels: T0 = 0 cm, T1 = 4 cm, T2 = 8 cm, and T3 = 12 cm from the soil surface, while the period of inundation consists of 3 levels, i.e. P1 = 10 days inundation on the vegetative phase, P2 = 10 days inundation on the reproductive phase, and P3 = 10 days inundation on the vegetative and reproductive phase. The parameters observed were plant height, flowering time, soluble sugar and starch content in leaf, root anatomical structure. Data analysis was carried out by ANOVA and the differences between treatments were compared using DMRT at significancy level of 95%. The results showed that IR64 and Inpara 5 respond differently to inundation. Depth of inundation had no effect on plant height of both IR64 and Inpara 5, while the inundation period showed a significant effect on plant height of Inpara 5. Inundation at vegetative phase increased plant height of Inpara 5. Both IR64 and Inpara 5, depth of inundation increased number of tillers and root aerenchyma formation, whereas period of inundation had no effect. Inundation treatment caused earlier flowering and stabilized soil pH. Starch content in leaf of Inpara 5 increased with inundation, while in IR64 decreased.

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Morpho-anatomical characterization of root in recurrent selection cycles for flood tolerance of maize (Zea mays L.)

Cited by 30 publications

References 29 publications

Corn root morphoanatomy at different development stages and yield under water stress

Corn root morphoanatomy at different development stages and yield under water stress

Mecanismos anatômicos e fisiológicos de plantas de aguapé para a tolerância à contaminação por Arsênio

Growth and Aerenchyma Formation of Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Cv. Ir64 and Inpara 5 at Different Inundation Conditions

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