Morpho-functional peculiarities of the moss Weissia tortilis Spreng. protonemata cells with different gravisensitivity

Lobachevska, О.V.; Kyyak, N.Ya.; Khorkavtsiv, Ya.D.

doi:10.15407/knit2019.02.060

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Carbohydrates also intercept reactive oxygen species and inhibit the processes of free radical oxidation of biological molecules during the development of oxidative stress induced by salinity. In addition to its protective and antioxidant effects, some carbohydrates can play a signaling role (Flowers et al, 2014;Kyyak & Khorkavtsiv, 2016;Lobachevska et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological and physiological peculiarities of bryophytes on a post-technogenic salinized territory

2019

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Taxonomic, biomorphological and ecological structures of bryophytes, their reproductive strategy and the main mechanisms of tolerance in the conditions of salinization were investigated. Bryophytes are the pioneers that have colonized the territory of a tailing storage that holds liquid waste from potassium-magnesium concentrate production of the Mining and Chemical Enterprise "Polymineral". Due to excess salts, the soil solution in the shore area of the tailing pond acquires high osmotic pressure. Three experimental plots which differed significantly in the level of the substrate salinity were laid at the distance of 3, 6 and 9 m from the reservoir for experimental studies. Water extracts of the substrates from the test sites showed the highest concentrations for sulfates – 10.4–64.6 mg Eq/100 g of soil and chlorides – 7.6–43.3 mg Eq/100 g of soil. It was established that the investigated areas of the tailing storage territory differed in the biochemical activity of the substrate, which was evaluated by its redox potential. On the areas of the uncovered substrate it was the lowest – 230 mV, which indicates anaerobiosis in conditions of very high salinization and moisture. Higher ROP values were determined at the sites of bryophyte cover distribution – 295–330 mV. The aim of the study was to determine the features of taxonomic, biomorphological and ecological structures of bryophytes, their reproductive strategy and to establish the main mechanisms of adaptation to the conditions of salinization on the tailing storage territory. 24 species and 3 varieties of bryophytes, belonging to 12 families and 16 genera were found on the shore of the tailing storage pond. The results of biomorphological and ecological analysis of bryophytes indicate the uneven conditions of the habitats and their considerable ecological plasticity. Among the bryophytes, mesophytes, xeromesophytes and meso-eutrophs, eutrophs with a life-form of low dense and loose turf dominated. In salinization conditions, dioicous acrocarpous mosses prevailed, the fertile turf of which, depending on the influence of abiotic factors, differed significantly in the number of sexual shoots, their ratio and productivity. Bulbils were found only on the tips of Bryum argenteum shoots. Along with Salicornia europaea L., a euhalophyte, the leading role in the initial stage of overgrowth of the tailing storage area most often belonged to Didymodon rigidulus, Bryum argenteum, Funaria hygrometrica and Barbula unguiculata. The process of formation of bryophyte cover occurred along a gradient of decrease in salt concentration at the experimental sites. Adaptation of bryophytes to substrate salinity is due to a change in metabolic processes, which is manifested in an increase of the total content of carbohydrates and an increase of the cation exchange capacity of moss cell walls, which is the primary barrier that reduces the toxic effect of ions under salt stress.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological and physiological peculiarities of bryophytes on a post-technogenic salinized territory

2019

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“…Протонемні короткі столони надалі легко відпадають і служать органами вегетативного розмноження, б -Tortula caucasica: протонемний столон з бруньками, які утворилися на апікальній клітині під впливом поляризуючої дії гравітації (1g), в -T. caucasica: протонемний столон з бруньками, які заклалися вздовж столону після клиностатування, г -Bryum pseudotriquetrum: гравічутливі пагони, в основі яких утворилися виводкові бульбочки, д -Weissia tortilis: гравічутливі столони каулонеми з хлоронемними дендритами і фрагмент культури з розгалуженими дендритами. Стрілкою вказано на виводкову бульбочку [49,55] ауксином і відомий як гравізалежний кут нахилу (GSA − gravitropic setpoint angle) [17,24,86]. Гравіморфози мохів з екстремальних мікрооселищ Антарктики (Polytrichum arcticum, Bryum pseudotriquetrum) і півдня України (Weissia tortilis, Tortula caucasica) у вигляді розгалужень клітин гравітропної протонеми, дендритів, вегетативного розмноження виводковими тільцями на гравічутливих пагонах, брунькоутворення на апікальних клітинах є спеціалізованими життєвими формами, зумовленими умовами середовища (рис.…”

Section: рис 1 експериментальна система Expose-r2 із Biomex на борту ...unclassified

Space Biology Projects in Ukraine: Nowadays Trends

Kordyum¹

2023

Kosm. nauka tehnol.

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The role of gravimorphoses in moss adaptation to extreme environment

Lobachevska¹,

Kyyak²,

Kordyum³

et al. 2021

Ukr. Bot. J.

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Gravisensitivity of mosses at different stages of their ontogenesis has an adaptive value and contributes to the functional activity of the gametophyte and its stability under extreme conditions in microhabitats. The aim of our research was to determine the participation of gravimorphoses in the adaptive plasticity of mosses depending on thermal conditions of their habitats and UV radiation effect. The objects of the study were sterile cultures of the following moss protonemata: Weissia tortilis, collected in different thermal conditions of Zaporizhzhya and Lviv regions (Ukraine), Bryum caespiticium from Lviv Region (Ukraine), as well as B. caespiticium and Polytrichum arcticum collected in Antarctica (Galindez Island). In all moss cultures, the gravisensitivity of protonemata, the morphological structure and morphogenesis of stolons were analysed. The protonemata of W. tortilis from two populations in Ukraine and of B. caespiticium from Antarctica and Ukraine, growing under conditions of different UV levels, were compared in terms of their sensitivity to UV radiation. Gravity-dependent morphoses of terrestrial dendrites of W. tortilis under arid conditions, branching of apical cells of gravitropic stolons of Antarctic mosses P. arcticum and B. caespiticium as well as the rapid development of shoots on them demonstrate participation of gravimorphogenesis in adaptation of mosses to stressful environmental conditions. Gravisensitivity and ability to form buds at the apex of a gravitropic stolon are considered an important adaptive morphogenetic process. It has been found that plants of W. tortilis from Zaporizhzhya Region were more resistant to UV irradiation than those from Lviv Region. Antarctic moss after UV irradiation showed significantly higher antioxidants activity and contained larger amount of phenolic compounds and flavonoids.

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Morpho-functional peculiarities of the moss Weissia tortilis Spreng. protonemata cells with different gravisensitivity

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Ecological and physiological peculiarities of bryophytes on a post-technogenic salinized territory

Ecological and physiological peculiarities of bryophytes on a post-technogenic salinized territory

Space Biology Projects in Ukraine: Nowadays Trends

The role of gravimorphoses in moss adaptation to extreme environment

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