Morpho-phenological characterization of grape (Vitis vinifera L.) germplasm grown in northern zones of Punjab, Pakistan

Abstract

This endeavor includes thirty grapes’ genotypes grown in northern zones of Punjab, Pakistan to determine similarities and dissimilarities in forty-four morphological traits according to the descriptor “International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI)”. The relation between the genotypes was determined by principal component analysis (PCA), and similarity was worked out by using cluster analysis. The dendrogram divided the genotypes into two main groups with classes and subclasses. The variation present within the class was up to 81.72% while the difference between classes was 18.28%. The morphological quantitative traits such as bunch length, bunch width, bunch weight, peduncle length, the weight of 10 berries, number of berry in a bunch, berry length, and berry width were in the following range 27.50-11 cm, 13.75-5 cm, 583.56-77.70 g, 6.50-1.55 cm, 53.70-9.70 g, 354-28, 27.37-11.40 mm and 18.06-10.41 mm respectively, which indicated a wide level of diversity in the selected genotypes. Based on phenological attributes, “Regina”, “Perlet”, and “Early White” were found early maturing genotypes to prevent berry rotting due to monsoon rains at the final stage of ripening. The data generated in this study would be helpful to preserve the existing germplasm and be available for designing future breeding programs.

Agronomic performance of table grape cultivars affected by rootstocks in semi-arid conditions

“…Berry weight (BrWT), berry length (BrL), and berry diameter (BrD) had negative correlations with the physical-chemical traits (SS, TA, and SS/TA). These results confirm those obtained by different authors that also studied correlations between variables in the grape crop (Akram et al 2021, Khalil et al 2017, Vujović et al 2017) and observed significant correlations of high magnitude between variables of the same category (for example, between yield components, bunch weight, and bunch size; berry weight and berry size and physical-chemical traits).…”