Morphofunctional Changes in Lymph Nodes During Intralymphatic Immunostimulation With Various Drugs in a Rat Model

Abstract

Using an experimental rat model, we analyzed the morphofunctional state of mesenteric lymph nodes after intralymphatic administration of various immunostimulants. Material and Methods: The effect of four drugs was studied on 100 male rats: acid peptidoglycan, azoximer bromide, hexapeptide (arginyl-alpha-aspartyl-lysyl-valyl-tyrosyl-arginine) and aminodihydrophthalazinedione sodium. We studied morphometrically the average size of lymph nodes, the size of germinal centers, the density of lymph nodes, and calculated the mitotic activity index and migratory activity index. Results: All experimental groups showed changes characterized by morphological restructuring of the lymph nodes, which was accompanied by an increase in their reactivity and provided an immunostimulating effect. In a dynamic study of the condition of the lymph nodes during the intralymphatic administration of various immunomodulators, it turned out that changes occur at different times. With the introduction of APG, the greatest structural changes occurred on the day 3 of the experiment. In the case of intralymphatic administration of AB, peak changes occurred on days 7-14 from the start of administration. In the third and fourth groups, using HP and ADPS, structural restructuring of the lymph nodes occurred on days 14-30. Conclusion: When extrapolating the data obtained to the clinical plane, we can conclude that intralymphatic administration of APG can be recommended in the acute period of the disease, intralymphatic administration of AB - in the case of subacute course of the disease, whereas the use of HP and ADPS will be effective during the period of convalescence.