Morphologic expression of Quaternary deformation in the northwestern foothills of the Ysyk-Köl basin, Tien Shan

Korjenkov, A.M.; Povolotskaya, I. E.; Mamyrov, E.

doi:10.1134/s0016852107020045

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Local relief is several kilometers with adjacent intermontane basins containing up to 10 km of Cenozoic sediment [Hendrix et al, 1992]. Regionally extensive peneplain surfaces are often preserved at mountain summits, suggesting that there was little regional relief prior to the Late Cenozoic reactivation Korjenkov et al, 2007;Oskin and Burbank, 2007], which followed several earlier episodes of mountain building [Windley et al, 1990;Glorie et al, 2010]. The most recent phase of mountain building initiated 25 Ma ago in the western and central Tien Shan, a date inferred from apatite and detrital fission-track data and from magnetostratigraphic studies from the Kyrgyz Range [Sobel et al, 2006;De Grave et al, 2007;Bullen et al, 2001Bullen et al, , 2003].…”

Section: Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dzhungarian fault: Late Quaternary tectonics and slip rate of a major right‐lateral strike‐slip fault in the northern Tien Shan region

et al. 2013

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[1] The Dzhungarian strike-slip fault of Central Asia is one of a series of long, NW-SE right-lateral strike-slip faults that are characteristic of the northern Tien Shan region and extends over 300 km from the high mountains into the Kazakh Platform. Our field-based and satellite observations reveal that the Dzhungarian fault can be characterized by three 100 km long sections based on variation in strike direction. Through morphological analysis of offset streams and alluvial fans, and through optically stimulated luminescence dating, we find that the Dzhungarian fault has a minimum average late Quaternary slip rate of 2.2˙0.8 mm/yr and accommodates N-S shortening related to the India-Eurasia collision. This shortening may also be partly accommodated by counterclockwise rotation about a vertical axis. Evidence for a possible paleo-earthquake rupture indicates that earthquakes up to at least Mw 7 can be associated with just the partitioned component of reverse slip on segments of the central section of the fault up to 30 km long. An event rupturing longer sections of the Dzhungarian fault has the potential to generate greater magnitude earthquakes (Mw 8); however, long time periods (e.g., thousands of years) are expected in order to accumulate enough strain to generate such earthquakes.

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Section: Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dzhungarian fault: Late Quaternary tectonics and slip rate of a major right‐lateral strike‐slip fault in the northern Tien Shan region

et al. 2013

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“…To explore the role of inherited structures in the formation of high‐angle reverse faults, we study the Tian Shan of central Asia (Figure 1). The Tian Shan are a BITB formed as a result of Indo‐Eurasian convergence [ Burtman , 1975; Molnar and Tapponnier , 1975; Tapponnier and Molnar , 1979; Avouac et al , 1993; Abdrakhmatov et al , 2001; Thompson et al , 2002], and are dominated by north‐south convergence along east‐west striking high‐angle reverse faults [ Abdrakhmatov et al , 1996; Burbank et al , 1999; Korjenkov , 2000; Mikolaichuk , 2000; Molnar and Ghose , 2000; Abdrakhmatov et al , 2001; Bullen et al , 2001; Meade and Hager , 2001; Thompson et al , 2002; Bullen et al , 2003; Mikolaichuk et al , 2003; Bowman et al , 2004; Sobel et al , 2006; De Grave et al , 2007; Korjenkov et al , 2007]. Strike‐slip faulting is also prevalent in the Tian Shan (Figure 1b), ranging in scale from the ∼600‐km long Talas Fergana fault that bisects the entire orogen [ Burtman et al , 1996] to somewhat shorter strike‐slip faults that are embedded within the orogen [ Delvaux et al , 1999; Mikolaichuk , 2000; Buslov et al , 2003].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inherited strike‐slip faults as an origin for basement‐cored uplifts: Example of the Kungey and Zailiskey ranges, northern Tian Shan

et al. 2012

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Basement‐cored uplifts bounded by steeply dipping reverse faults are mechanically difficult to explain. Reactivation of strike‐slip faults that aid the formation of new, high‐angle reverse faults in the surrounding crust may provide one origin for these structures. This hypothesis is explored by examining the late Miocene to Quaternary evolution of the Kungey and Zailiskey ranges in the northern Tian Shan. These ranges are cored by the Kemin‐Chilik fault (KCF), an inherited Paleozoic structure with sinistral separation of basement terranes. Range growth in response to northward propagation of the Tian Shan has taken place along a network of steeply dipping reverse and oblique‐slip faults surrounding the KCF. Deformation of a low relief unconformity separating Neogene strata from Paleozoic basement records structural growth in response to fault slip. Deformed river terraces surrounding the ranges are correlated to a well preserved chronosequence in the southern Kungey Range. Cosmogenic10Be dating of this chronosequence combined with offset measurements yields slip rates ranging from 0.07 to 0.37 mm/yr for dip‐slip faults, and 1.1 to 1.5 mm/yr for strike‐slip faults Late Quaternary activity in the Kungey‐Zailiskey ranges is consistent with the longer‐term, outward stepping pattern of range growth. Based on cross sections constrained from the folded unconformity surface, deformed Neogene strata and Quaternary terraces, faults building the Kungey Range are inferred to steepen at depth and emanate from a shear zone co‐located with the reactivated KCF. This geometry is consistent with a slip partitioned system developed by an obliquely slipping reactivated fault at depth.

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“…All three mountain ranges are actively uplifting and prone to large earthquakes, which also occurred in historic times in the TS (Buslov et al, 2007;Korjenkov et al, 2007), ALT (Nepop and Agatova, 2008;Klinger et al, 2011), and KR (Avouac et al, 2006).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Rock‐glacier dams in High Asia

Blöthe

Rosenwinkel

Hoeser

et al. 2018

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Rock glaciers in semiarid mountains contain large amounts of ice and might be important water stores aside from glaciers, lakes, and rivers. Yet whether and how rock glaciers interact with river channels in mountain valleys remains largely unresolved. We examine the potential for rock glaciers to block or disrupt river channels, using a new inventory of more than 2000 intact rock glaciers that we mapped from remotely sensed imagery in the Karakoram (KR), Tien Shan (TS), and Altai (ALT) mountains. We find that between 5% and 14% of the rock glaciers partly buried, blocked, diverted or constricted at least 95 km of mountain rivers in the entire study area. We use a Bayesian robust logistic regression with multiple topographic and climatic inputs to discern those rock glaciers disrupting mountain rivers from those with no obvious impacts. We identify elevation and potential incoming solar radiation (PISR), together with the size of feeder basins, as dominant predictors, so that lower‐lying and larger rock glaciers from larger basins are more likely to disrupt river channels. Given that elevation and PISR are key inputs for modelling the regional distribution of mountain permafrost from the positions of rock‐glacier toes, we infer that river‐blocking rock glaciers may be diagnostic of non‐equilibrated permafrost. Principal component analysis adds temperature evenness and wet‐season precipitation to the controls that characterise rock glaciers impacting on rivers. Depending on the choice of predictors, the accuracy of our classification is moderate to good with median posterior area‐under‐the‐curve values of 0.71–0.89. Clarifying whether rapidly advancing rock glaciers can physically impound rivers, or fortify existing dams instead, deserves future field investigation. We suspect that rock‐glacier dams are conspicuous features that have a polygenetic history and encourage more research on the geomorphic coupling between permafrost lobes, river channels, and the sediment cascades of semiarid mountain belts. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Morphologic expression of Quaternary deformation in the northwestern foothills of the Ysyk-Köl basin, Tien Shan

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

The Dzhungarian fault: Late Quaternary tectonics and slip rate of a major right‐lateral strike‐slip fault in the northern Tien Shan region

The Dzhungarian fault: Late Quaternary tectonics and slip rate of a major right‐lateral strike‐slip fault in the northern Tien Shan region

Inherited strike‐slip faults as an origin for basement‐cored uplifts: Example of the Kungey and Zailiskey ranges, northern Tian Shan

Rock‐glacier dams in High Asia

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