Morphological alterations in hemal nodes in splenectomized cattle

Distribution of Porcine Haemal Nodes and Morphological Variations in the Haemal Nodes of Cattle and West African Dwarf Goats

“…Although there was no evidence of afferent lymphatic vessels in WAD goat and cattle haemal nodes, the present study demonstrated efferent lymphatic vessels in the haemal nodes of WAD goat and cattle. This view is confirmed by the opinion of some previous authors (Ezeasor and Singh, 1990;Bassan et al, 1999;Choudhary et al, 2011), but it is at variance with the reports of Thorp et al (1991), Dassanayake et al (2005), Casteleyn et al (2008) and Ozaydin et al (2012).…”

“…These sacs could then become surrounded by aggregations of lymphoid tissues and the mesenchymal cells that surround the lymph sacs may infiltrate the structures, giving rise to a network of blood channels (Sabin, 1905). The anatomical locations of haemal nodes of pigs are comparable to the locations of haemal nodes in WAD goat (Okpe, 2001) and cattle (Bassan et al, 1999;Casteleyn et al, 2008).…”

“…However, some authors believed that considerable interspecies and intra-species variations in the structure of haemal nodes could occur (Winqvist, 1954;Ezeasor and Singh, 1988;Ozaydin et al, 2012). Available information on the haemal node of pigs were based on their histological features (Udoumoh and Ezeasor, 2015) without reference to their definite anatomical locations while information on the macro and microscopic features of haemal nodes in cattle (Bassan et al, 1999;Casteleyn et al, 2008;Cerutti and Guerrero, 2008) and goats (Ezeasor and Singh, 1988;Choudhary et al, 2011;Ozaydin et al, 2012) were based on the general features of haemal nodes without emphasis on the species variations; even more, there is paucity of information on the basic gross anatomical features of haemal nodes in these species.…”